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(2.3) TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

(2.3) TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS. (p144-147). Chemical Reaction. Reactants - the starting materials in a reaction. Products - the new materials formed in a reaction. Chemical Equation. Describes a chemical reaction reactants  products Note:

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(2.3) TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

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  1. (2.3) TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS (p144-147)

  2. Chemical Reaction • Reactants - the starting materials in a reaction. • Products - the new materials formed in a reaction.

  3. Chemical Equation Describes a chemical reaction reactants  products Note: The symbol () can be read as yields or forms or produces

  4. Chemical Reactions – 4 Types • 4 main types of chemical reactions • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single displacement • Double displacement

  5. 1. Synthesis Reactions • Two or more reactants combine to form a new product. • GENERAL CHEMICAL EQUATION (GCE)

  6. Synthesis Reactions-Examples • sodium + oxygen  sodium oxide • 2 H2+ O2  2 H2O

  7. 2. Decomposition Reactions • A compound is broken down into elements or smaller compounds. • GENERAL CHEMICAL EQUATION (GCE)

  8. Decomposition Reactions-Examples • sodium oxide  sodium + oxygen • 2 H2O  2 H2 + O2

  9. 3. Single Displacement Reactions • One element replaces another element to form a new compound. • GENERAL CHEMICAL EQUATION (GCE) Or

  10. Single Displacement- Examples • calcium + hydrogen bromide  calcium bromide + hydrogen • Br2 + 2 KI +  2 KBr + I2

  11. 4. Double Displacement Reactions • In a double displacement reaction the metal ions in two compounds switch places…”partner swap” • GENERAL CHEMICAL EQUATION (GCE)

  12. Double Displacement- Examples • barium sulfide + potassium iodide  barium iodide + potassium sulfide • AgNO3 + KCl  AgCl + KNO3

  13. Chemical Reactions – 5th Type • Another reaction type is Combustion (also called burning) • The burning of fossil fuels always needs oxygen and will yield predictable products. • Complete combustion: lots of O2 Fuel + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water (in general) CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O CH4 + 2 O2  CO2 + 2 H2O

  14. 5. Combustion Reactions • The burning of fossil fuels always requires oxygen and will yield predictable products. • Complete combustion: lots of O2 Fuel + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O CH4 + 2 O2  CO2 + 2 H2O

  15. Combustion Continued • Incomplete combustion: occurs when there is not enough O2 • The products are different than with complete combustion. CxHy + O2 C + CO + CO2 + H2O

  16. CLASSWORK • “The Four Main Types of Chemical Reactions” handout

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