Chapter 9.1 Introduction to Cultural Diversity by Mrs. Burgstiner, RN

1. Chapter 9.1Introduction to Cultural Diversityby Mrs. Burgstiner, RN EQ: What are some factors that cause each individual to be unique?

2. Brown Paper Bags • What makes you unique? • How do people see you? • What do you want others to know about you? • Let’s see what the bags tell us!

3. Key Questions: • What is the definition of culture? • What are the 4 basic characteristics of all cultures? • What ethnic group do you belong too?

4. Key Questions: • How is the classification of race determined? • What is cultural assimilation? • What does acculturation mean? • Are you a biased person?

5. Key Questions Continued: • Do you pre-judge other people? • Are you guilty of stereotyping or making assumptions about others? • How can we avoid being biased, prejudiced, and stereotyping?

6. Chapter 9 Key Terms: 1- 11 • Culture: • Values, beliefs, attitudes, languages, symbols, rituals, behaviors, and customs unique to a particular group of people • Ethnicity: • Classification of people based on national origin and/or culture • Race: • Classification of people based on physical or biological characteristics such as skin color, hair,and eye; facial features; blood type; and bone structure • Cultural Diversity: • Differences based on cultural , ethnic, and racial factors

7. Key Terms Continued: • Cultural Assimilation: • A process by which a newly arrived cultural group alter unique beliefs and behavior and adopt the ways of the dominant culture • Acculturation • Process of learning beliefs and behaviors of a dominate culture and assuming some of the characteristics • Sensitivity: • The ability to recognize and appreciate the personal characteristics of others , it is essential in health care • Bias: • A preference that inhibits impartial judgment, ex. Age, Education, Economic, Physical Size, Occupation, Gender

8. Key Terms Continued: • Ethnocentric: • Individuals who believe in the supremacy of their own ethnic group • Prejudice: • Means to pre-judge, ex. Form a belief about a person without reviewing the facts • Stereotyping: • Occurs when an assumption is made that everyone in a particular group is the same

9. Four basic characteristics of all cultures • Culture is learned • Culture is shared • Culture is social in nature • Culture is dynamic and constantly changing

10. Classifications of People • Ethnicity: National Origin and/or culture • Race: Based on physical or biological characteristics

11. Common Ethnic Groups and Countries of Origin • African American • Asian American • European American • Hispanic American • Middle Eastern/Arabic Americans • Native American

12. Classifications: • Race: • Color of skin, hair, eyes, facial features • Blood type • Bone structure • Used to label groups of people • Explains patterns of behavior

13. Cultural Diversity: • Factors of differences based on: • Culture • Ethnicity • And Racial factors

14. Cultural Assimilation • Requires that the newly arrived cultural group alter unique beliefs, and behaviors, and adopt the ways of the dominant culture. • For this reason America has been called the “melting pot” • Today, it is necessary that we strive for more of a “salad bowl”, where cultural differences are appreciated and respected • This has given rise to a “ multicultural” society where different beliefs must be recognized and respected

15. Acculturation • Process of learning the beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and assuming them for yourself does occur • Happens slowly over time, usually many years. • Recent immigrants still speak their native tongue, but second and third generation will use English as their main language • Recent immigrants will eat foods and dishes familiar to them, whereas 2nd & 3rd generations will eat McDonald’s and Burger King (LOL)

16. How does this affect the HCP? • Because the Healthcare Provider (HCP) provides care to culturally diverse pts in a variety of settings, they must be aware of these factors • Remembering that no one person is 100% anything • Each individual is unique • The HCP must have sensitivity, the ability to recognize and appreciate the personal characteristics of others. Ex. Native Americans do not call adults by their first names, it is unacceptable, unless they are a close relative or friend

17. 9.2 Bias, Prejudice, Stereotyping • All 3 are barriers to effective relationships with others • Healthcare providers (HCP) – must be alert to these barriers and make every effort to avoid them • Ways to avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping include: • Be aware of your own personal and professional values and beliefs • Obtain information about other ethnic/cultural groups • Be sensitive to behaviors and practices different than your own.

18. 9.2 Bias, Prejudice, and Stereotyping • Remember you do not have to adopt the beliefs of others, just respect them • Develop friendships with a wide variety of people from different ethnic/cultural groups. • Ask questions and encourage questions from others to share ideas and beliefs. • Evaluate all information before you form an opinion. • Be open to differences. • Avoid jokes that may offend. • Remember that mistakes happen. Apologize if you hurt another person, and forgive if another person hurts you.

19. Summary • We are all unique, we have individual beliefs and ideas • These beliefs and ideas our formed from our cultural diversity • Which includes our race, our ethnic group, our experiences, and our family origins • As HCP we must be sensitive to the beliefs of others, we don’t have to agree, just be respectful and courteous