Download
1 / 13
130 likes | 253 Vues
This guide covers the fundamentals of variables and debugging in programming. It explains how to use variables to hold values, the importance of naming conventions, and how to declare variables using REM statements. You'll learn about setting values with LET, using variables in calculations, and the significance of clear variable names. Additionally, we explore debugging, including syntax and logical errors, and offer practical debugging exercises to enhance your programming skills.
E N D
Variables and DeBugging Beginning Programming
Assignment Statements • Used to hold values in a variable • Calculates a result and stores it in a variable • Variable: used to hold values in a program • Should describe what it holds • Starts with a letter • Cannot use spaces • Can only use _ , $ , and . • Cannot use reserved words (such as RUN, NEW, PRINT, etc.) • Should end a string (a sequence of characters enclosed in quotation marks) with $
Variable Naming Good Naming Examples Poor Naming Examples • FRUIT$ • POOL.LENGTH • LAST_NAME$ • BIRTHDATE$ • AGE • 1FRUIT$ • F$ • FRUIT TYPE$ • FRUIT*$ • NEWFRUIT$ • FRUIT
Practice • Complete the Creating Descriptive Variable names worksheet • Complete the Storage Location Worksheet
Commenting Variables in REM Statements • You need to list every variable that you use in the program in your REM Statements • You will put there in the Variable Declaration section of the REM Template • You should list the variable name and then describe what the variable stands for • Example: • REM POOL.LENGTH holds the length of the pool in feet • REM TEACHER_NAME$ holds the teachers first and last name
Assignment • Complete REM and Variable Practice Worksheet
Using Variables in the Main Program • To set the value of a variable, use the command LET • Examples: • LET Stage.Length = 5 • LET Subject_Name$ = “Algebra” • You can also set the value of the variable without the word LET • Examples: • Stage.Length = 5 • Subject_Name$ = “Algebra”
Using Variables in Processes • You will want to use variable names when solving equations • Example #1: • LET Length = 5 • LET Width = 4 • LET Height = 3 • LET Volume = Length * Width * Height • PRINT “The volume is “; Volume; “.”
Using Variables in Processes • You will want to use variable names when solving equations • Example #2: • LET First.Name$ = “Bob” • LET Last.Name$ = “Smith” • Customer.Name$ = First.Name$ + “ “ + Last.Name • PRINT “The customer’s name is “; Customer.Name$
Some important facts • Try to use variables whenever you can and have the computer solve mathematical equations for you, rather than solving them yourself. If you solve them yourself and just enter the answer, you will have to do it all over again if you want to run the program with different input numbers. • In PRINT statements, remember to separate the parts in quotations with the variables not in quotations with a ;
Assignment Program #4A
Debugging • Debugging: Figuring out the errors in a program • There are 2 types: • Syntax Errors • Most common error • Programmer violates the grammatical rules of Qbasic • Error message will be displayed at bottom of screen • Logical Errors • Program may stop executing prematurely • Program may execute completely, but produce incorrect results • Mathematical errors • Formatting errors
Debugging Practice • Debugging exercise #1 – complete and we will go over as a class • Debugging exercise #2 – complete and turn in for a grade
