1 / 26

Basic and advanced Praat Scripting

Basic and advanced Praat Scripting. Kyuchul Yoon Division of English Kyungnam University Seoul National University, Linguistics Department, 2006. 12.09. Praat Scripting Language. Where to Get Help A Brief Look at a Sample Script Basic Topics Advanced Topics Hands-on Activities

haley
Télécharger la présentation

Basic and advanced Praat Scripting

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Basic and advancedPraat Scripting Kyuchul Yoon Division of English Kyungnam University Seoul National University, Linguistics Department, 2006. 12.09

  2. Praat Scripting Language • Where to Get Help • A Brief Look at a Sample Script • Basic Topics • Advanced Topics • Hands-on Activities • Scripting Examples

  3. Where to Get Help • Built-in manual “Help” menu of Praat (“search” button) • Official Praat homepagewww.praat.org • Discussion grouphttp://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/praat-users/ • Scripts from other people“Files” menu from the discussion grouphttp://ling.osu.edu/~kyoon/scripts/praat/http://ling.osu.edu/~welby/praat.html

  4. A Brief Look at a Sample Script

  5. Basic Topics • Looks of Praat • What Praat can do • What is an object? (.TextGrid) • How to run a script (example) • Language elements • Comments, continuation lines, white space • Variables, arrays, formulas • Jumps, loops

  6. Basic Topics: Looks of Praat • Windows: Praat objects, Praat picture, Editor • Menus: Praat, New, Read, Write • Command buttons (context-sensitive) • Activated when an object is selected • Changes depending on the type of an object (e.g. Sound)…Help, Edit, Play, Draw…, Query-, Modify-, Annotate-Analyse: Periodicity-, Spectrum-, Formants & LPC-, …, To Intensity…Manipulate: To Manipulation…Synthesize: Convert-, Filter-, Combine sounds- • Command buttons (fixed) • Rename…, Copy…, Info, Remove, Inspect

  7. Basic Topics: What Praat can do • General functionsSound recordingAnalyses (spectral, pitch, formant, intensity)AnnotationManipulation (pitch, duration, intensity, formant) • Specialized functionsVoice analysis (jitter, shimmer, noise)Listening experimentsFilteringSynthesis (source-filter, articulatory)Learning (neural networks, OT learning)Statistics (multi-dimensional scaling, etc.)

  8. Basic Topics: What is an object? (.TextGrid) • A segment of computer memory • Contains a set of data in the Praat program • Resides in the Praat object window (e.g. sample.wav) • e.g.) Sound sample • Is NOT a file! (Must be saved!) • Needs to be clicked to be selected (Shift, Ctrl, dragging) • Types of objectsSound, Spectrum, Spectrogram, TextGrid, Pitch, Formant, Intensity, Manipulation

  9. Basic Topics: What is an object? (.TextGrid) • TextGrid object • Created with a sound object selected Annotate-To TextGrid… • Used for annotation (segmentation and labeling) • Consists of a number of tiers • Two kinds of tiers: • Interval tier: a connected sequence of labeled intervals with boundaries in between • Point tier: a sequence of labeled points

  10. Basic Topics: What is an object? (.TextGrid) • Examining an object through Query… • Gives you information about the selected object • Information is displayed by default in the Info window • Query results can be used to put information into a variable • myStartTime = Get start time • myPointLabel$ = Get label of point… 1 1 • Modifying an object through Modify… • Query results can be used to modify an object, e.g. TextGrid • Set point text… 1 1 ‘myPointLabel$’

  11. Basic Topics: How to run a script (example) • What is a script? • An executable text with menu commands and action commands • Praat ==> New/Open Praat script • In the script editor, Run ==> Run • Edit ==> Paste history in the script editor • Records all the menu/action commands • Can be used to copy/paste recorded commands • Constants could be replaced with variables • Clear history to erase all the earlier commands • A good source for beginners!

  12. Basic Topics: How to run a script (example) Paste history Read from file... D:\recording\2syllAP-LHa.wav To TextGrid... "phonological phonetic" phonetic plus Sound 2syllAP-LHa Edit select TextGrid 2syllAP-LHa Insert boundary... 1 0.5 Set interval text... 1 1 test ================================================================= fileLocation$ = "D:\recording\2syllAP-LHa.wav" uTonesTierName$ = "phonological" sTonesTierName$ = "phonetic" uTonesTier = 1 intervalText$ = "test" Read from file... 'fileLocation$' Rename… soundObj To TextGrid... "'uTonesTierName$' 'sTonesTierName$'" 'sTonesTierName$' Rename… textgridObj plus Sound soundObj Edit pause Insert a sample interval? select TextGrid textgridObj Insert boundary... uTonesTier 0.5 Set interval text... uTonesTier 1 'intervalText$' Now a script!

  13. Basic Topics: Language elements • Comments, continuation lines, white space • All white spaces (and tabs) at line beginnings are ignored • You can use indenting to make your script readable (tabs preferred)sum = 0 for i to 10 for j to 10 sum = sum + i*j endfor endfor pause The total sum is ‘sum’ • Comments lines start with # or ! or ; (# preferred) • You can split long command lines into multiple lines using … • myStringVariable$ = left$(myMainSentence$, (lengthOfUtterance-…lengthOfRightWord))

  14. Basic Topics: Language elements • Variables, arrays, formulas • Numeric variables, variable = formula • e.g.) lengthOfSentence = 10 • String variables (end in a dollar sign), variable$ = string • e.g.) sentenceToProcess$ = “Praat rules” • Predefined string variables: newline$, tab$, shellDirectory$ • Variable substitution (in between single quotes), ‘variable$’ • e.g.) echo The number of characters is ‘lengthOfSentence’ • e.g.) Try ‘lengthOfSentence:2’ • Array variables: simulated with quote substitution • e.g.) for j from 1 to 5 square‘j’ = j*j endforsquare1 = 1, square2 = 4, square3 = 9, square4 = 16, square5 = 25

  15. Basic Topics: Language elements • Jumps, loops for/endfor################################################# throws = 0repeat sum = randomInteger(1,6) + randomInteger(1,6) throws = throws + 1until sum = 12echo Took me ‘throws’ trials#################################################throws = 1sum = randomInteger(1,6) + randomInteger(1,6)while sum <> 12 throws = throws + 1 sum = randomInteger(1,6) + randomInteger(1,6)endwhileecho Took me ‘throws’ trials

  16. Advanced Topics • Arguments to commands/scripts • Object selection • Calling system commands • Info window, user interaction, file handling • Scripting in an editor window

  17. Advanced TopicsArguments to commands/scripts • form/endform keywordsform Types of script arguments natural numOfSentences_(positive_whole_number) 337 integer amplitudeSteps_(whole_number) -2000 real factorOfZoomOut_(real_number) -3.5 positive factorOfZoomIn_(positive_real_number) 4.7 comment A line with any text word targetWord_(string_without_spaces) school sentence targetSentence_(any_short_string) my school text targetText_(variableName_not_shown) my school bus boolean trueOrFalse_(with_a_checkbox) 1 choice myChoice_(with_a_radiobox) 1 button choice 1 button choice 2 button choice 3 comment Choose any color optionmenu Color: 2 option Red option Green endform

  18. Advanced TopicsObject selection • How to select objects from your scriptselect Sound hello1 plus Sound hello2 minus Sound hello2 select all minus Sound hello2 Rename… greeting1 Remove ################## fullFileName$ = “male02-Seoul-32yrs.wav” Read from file… ‘fullFileName$’ filePrefix$ = fullFileName$ - “.wav” newTextGridName$ = filePrefix$ + “.TextGrid”

  19. Advanced TopicsCalling system commands • Call system (DOS/Unix/Linux) commands from a scriptdirectoryName$ = “resultFolder”system_nocheck mkdir ‘directoryName$’will create a new subfolder in the current folder

  20. Advanced TopicsInfo window, user interaction, files • Writing to the Info window from a script… • echo text, clearinfo, printtext, printtab, printlinetext • A sample scriptclearinfoprintline Minimum MaximumminValue = 1maxValue = 10print ‘minValue’printtabprint ‘maxValue’

  21. Advanced TopicsInfo window, user interaction, files • Messages to the user • exit text : to stop the execution of the script with the text message • nowarn Write to WAV file… hello.wav : prevents warning messages, e.g. about clipped sound samples • noprogress To Pitch… 0 75 500 : prevents from showing a progress window • nocheck Remove : causes the script to continue even if there’s nothing to remove • pausetext : temporarily halts a Praat script. Continue & Stop buttons. • Can be used to accept user actions which will be stored in variables • e.g.) User selecting a particular section of a sound object in an editorstartOfSelection = Get start of selection endOfSelection = Get end of selection

  22. Advanced TopicsInfo window, user interaction, files • File handling • Reading an existing file, e.g. hello.wav, sentences.txt • Read from file… C:/sound/hello.wav • Read Strings from raw text file… C:/text/sentences.txt • Creating a new text file in the current folder, e.g. result.txt • fileappend result.txt Hello world!’newline$’ • fileappend result.txt I am back! • Deleting an existing file • filedelete C:/sound/hello.wav • Getting a list of file names of a particular folder • Create Strings as file list… fileListObj C:/sound/*.wav • The object fileListObj has a list of filename strings in one column • With for/endfor, repeated actions can be taken

  23. Advanced TopicsScripting in an editor window • In a Praat script • editor/endeditor required • In an editor script • Only endeditor is required editor Sound soundObj#do your stuff herecursorPosition = Get cursorSelect... cursorPosition-0.02 cursorPosition+0.02Extract sound selection (time from 0) endeditor To Spectrum (fft) Edit

  24. Hands-on Activities • Write a script that will help measure the duration of a user-selected segment for all of the .wav files in a folderKeywords to use:form/endformCreate Strings as file list…for/endforEditpausefileappend

  25. Hands-on Activities # Put variables here form Parameter settings word inFolder_(with_sounds) demo-folder word outFile_(to_be_created) measurements.txt endform # Make a list of files in the folder Create Strings as file list... fileListObj ‘inFolder$’/*.wav Sort numOfFiles = Get number of strings pause ‘numOfFiles’ files identified. Continue? # Loop through each file for iFile to numOfFiles select Strings fileListObj fileName$ = Get string... iFile pause Opening the file ‘fileName$’ Read from file... ‘inFolder$’/’fileName$’ Rename... soundObj Edit editor Sound soundObj pause Select the target segment targetDuration = Get selection length endeditor Remove fileappend ‘outFile$’ ‘fileName$’‘tab$’‘targetDuration:2’‘newline$’ endfor Remove all # End of script

  26. Scripting Examples • Scripts for(1) Prosody swapping(2) Speech corpus searching(3) K-ToBI labeling

More Related