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Mechanics: “Classical Mechanics”

Mechanics: “Classical Mechanics”. Classical Physics: Foundation of pure & applied macroscopic physics & engineering! Newton’s Laws + Boltzmann’s Statistical Mechanics (& Thermodynamics): Describe most of macroscopic world! However, at high speeds ( v ~ c ): Need

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Mechanics: “Classical Mechanics”

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  1. Mechanics:“Classical Mechanics” • Classical Physics: • Foundation of pure & applied macroscopic physics & engineering! • Newton’s Laws + Boltzmann’s Statistical Mechanics (& Thermodynamics): Describe most of macroscopic world! • However, at high speeds (v ~ c): Need Special Relativity. Ch. 7 • Small size (atomic & smaller): Need Quantum Mechanics. Physics 5301! • Classical Mechanics: 17th & 18th centuries, but still useful today!

  2. Mechanics • Science of HOW objects move (behave) under given forces. • (Usually) Does not deal with sourcesof forces. Answers the question: Given the forces, how do objects move? • Forces are classified into four types: Four Fundamental Forces Of Nature! • Mechanics applies to all four!

  3. 4 Fundamental Forces of NatureSourcesof forces: In order of decreasing strength • Strong Nuclear Force: • Binds nuclei together. Still being researched. • Electromagnetic Force: • E&M phenomena. Chemical forces. Most everyday forces. Maxwell, Coulomb, Ampere, Faraday, ... • Weak Nuclear Force: • Nuclear decay. Fermi, Bethe, others. Still being researched. • Gravitational Force: • Newton (classical mechanics) • Einstein (general relativity)

  4. 4 Fundamental Forces of NatureSourcesof forces: In order of decreasing strength

  5. 4 Fundamental Forces:Sources of forces • “Electro-Weak” Force: • Since ~ late 1960’s, in some sense have reduced the 4 fundamental forces to 3! • Electromagnetic Force & Weak Nuclear Force combined into one theory. • S. Weinberg & A. Salaam: 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics!

  6. The Rest of Physics! • What we’ve mentioned is  all of physics except: • Statistical Mechanics:(Physics 5305) • Mechanics of systems of huge numbers of particles (>> ~ 1023). • Uses probability & statistics methods to compute macroscopic properties from microscopic force laws between particles. • The major LINKbetween microscopic & macroscopic physics! • Contains Thermodynamics as a sub-theory!

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