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Chapter 5: Christ Redeems Through His Church

Chapter 5: Christ Redeems Through His Church. THE MYSTERY OF REDEMPTION. 1. The Kingdom of God. ANTICIPATORY SET Incorporate Matthew 13 (Christ’s parables) into the class’s opening prayer .

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Chapter 5: Christ Redeems Through His Church

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  1. Chapter 5: Christ Redeems Through His Church THE MYSTERY OF REDEMPTION

  2. 1. The Kingdom of God ANTICIPATORY SET Incorporate Matthew 13 (Christ’s parables) into the class’s opening prayer. Afterwards, have the students free write for a few minutes trying to explain the meaning of one of the parables that Jesus himself did not explain. Share responses.

  3. 1. The Kingdom of God BASIC QUESTIONS • What is God’s cosmic plan for man? • What is the Church? • What is the Kingdom of God? KEY IDEAS • God’s plan for man to share in his divine life existed before time, was inaugurated in time by creation and salvation history, reached its fullness in time with Christ and his Church, and will be fulfilled at the end of time when all who have cooperated with grace are gathered together in the universal Church. • The Church is the new assembly of God’s people, redeemed by Christ, and is the instrument of this redemption. • The Kingdom of God is Christ acting in men’s hearts to bring them into communion with the Blessed Trinity.

  4. 1. The Kingdom of God GUIDED EXERCISE Conduct a think/pair/share on the following prompt: What is the meaning of the word “church” according to its Greek and Hebrew roots?

  5. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS What was God’s plan for men from before the creation? To raise men to a participation in the divine life. Who are the elect? Those who would cooperate in God’s plan. Where is the Church seen in the Old Testament? The Church is foreshadowed in the history of the people of Israel and the covenant God made with them.

  6. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS How does God make it possible for man to participate in the divine life? God makes it possible for man to have a share in divine life through the Incarnation of Christ and the graces of the redemption mediated through the Church Christ founded. How will God’s original plan be fulfilled? At the end of time, the Church will achieve glorious completion, when all the just will be gathered together with the Father in the universal Church. What is the Church, according to CCC 763? It is “the Reign of Christ already present in mystery.”

  7. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS Where is the Kingdom of Heaven on earth found? In the Catholic Church. What is the difference between objective and subjective redemption? All men are objectively redeemed by Christ’s sacrifice. However, this redemption has to be subjectively applied to the life of each individual, who may or may not respond to grace. What is the role of the Church in terms of subjective redemption? The Church is Christ’s instrument to bring objective redemption to each subject, to each person.

  8. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the core message of the Gospel, according to Mark 1:15? The Kingdom of God has arrived; therefore, turn away from your sins and have faith. In what way did Jesus help his followers picture what the Kingdom of God is like? Through parables. How was Jesus not the Messiah people probably expected? Some Jews expected a Messiah who would be a powerful king, like David, who would make Israel glorious. They did not expect someone born into poverty who would redeem through suffering and transform men from within.

  9. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the Kingdom of Heaven, according to the paragraph beginning, “Christ’s teaching in the New Testament”? The Kingdom of Heaven is a communion of God with his People, the relationship that God had desired from the very beginning of creation. How is the Kingdom of God like a mustard seed? Like a mustard seed, the Church would begin small, but would grow very large, in fact, would spread throughout the world.

  10. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS Why is the Church “pilgrim”? The Church as a whole and in her individual members is on a journey to Christ with whom it is already imperfectly united. What is necessary to see the divine nature of the Church? Faith. When will the true nature of the Church be seen by everyone? At the end of time when Christ returns in glory.

  11. 1. The Kingdom of God GUIDED EXERCISE Conduct a think/pair/share: What do the Gospel writers mean when they say that Jesus came in the “fullness of time”?

  12. 1. The Kingdom of God FOCUS QUESTIONS According to Benedict XVI, what is the core content of the Gospel? The message that “The Kingdom of God is at hand,” so convert and have faith. What is the Kingdom of God, according to Benedict XVI? It is the Person of Jesus Christ. According to Benedict XVI, what is an adequate translation of the term, “Kingdom of God”? An adequate translation is “God’s being-Lord, of his lordship.” In other words, Kingdom of God means God is now acting in a whole new way in history.

  13. 1. The Kingdom of God CLOSURE Have the students write a paragraph on the meaning of the Kingdom of God.

  14. 1. The Kingdom of God HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT Reading • The Mystical Body of Christ through The Church is Necessary for Salvation(pp. 173–176) Study Questions • Questions 1–5. Workbook • Questions 1–6.

  15. 1. The Kingdom of God ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT Have the students free write on the cosmic history of redemption presented in this lesson, from before time, during time, and at the end of time.

  16. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation ANTICIPATORY SET Incorporate into the class’s opening prayer St. Paul’s discourse on the Church as the Body of Christ (cf. 1 Cor 12:12–31). Have the students free write for a few minutes on something that surprised or confused them about this passage. Share responses.

  17. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation BASIC QUESTIONS • What is the Mystical Body of Christ? • Is the Church necessary for salvation? KEY IDEAS • The Mystical Body of Christ is an image that expresses the union of each believer with Christ and with each other. The relationship between the Church and Christ is like that of a bride and a bridegroom. • The Church is necessary for salvation because she is the means by which God has chosen to convey the graces of the redemption to the world.

  18. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the Mystical Body of Christ? It is the divine communion in which each member of the Church is united together in Christ, who is the Head. What is the vertical dimension of the Mystical Body? It is the relationship between each member of the Church and Christ. It is vertical because God is higher than us. What is the horizontal dimension of the Body of Christ? It is the communion among the Church’s members. It is a horizontal relation because the members of Christ’s body are essentially equal in dignity as children of God.

  19. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation FOCUS QUESTIONS What is youth a time for Christians to discover? One’s vocation, that is, what God wants a young person to do as a member of the Body of Christ. How is the idea of solidarity in the Body of Christ expressed in Lumen Gentium, 7? If “one member [in the body] endures anything, all the members co-endure it, and if one member is honored, all the members together rejoice.” What are the three states in which the Church currently exists? The pilgrim Church on earth, the suffering Church in Purgatory, and the Church triumphant in Heaven.

  20. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation GUIDED EXERCISE Have the students work with a partner to develop bullet points relating Christ and his Church to a bridegroom and bride.

  21. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation GUIDED EXERCISE Conduct a class discussion that debates the following proposition: The Church should abandon missionary work because God saves people anyway.

  22. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation FOCUS QUESTIONS What does the Church “do”? She is the means Christ chose to convey the graces of his redemption to humanity. What is an example of God’s use of mediators? God used Moses as the means to deliver Israel from slavery and to give them the Covenant. How is the Church a Sacrament? The Church is the sign and means of salvation for men of all times and places.

  23. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation FOCUS QUESTIONS What does it mean that the Church is necessary for salvation? It means that man’s salvation comes through the Church. The consequence is that if anyone knows that the Catholic Church was founded as necessary by God for salvation, but refuses to enter it or to remain in it, then he cannot be saved. What does “extra Ecclesiam nulla salus” mean? Literally, it means “outside the Church there is no salvation.”

  24. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the relationship between the necessity of the Church for salvation and the missionary enterprise? Because the Church is necessary for salvation, the Church has the obligation to preach the Gospel to the whole world. If the Church is necessary for salvation, are all those who are not Catholics damned to Hell? No. Those who are invincibly ignorant of the Gospel are not guilty of not accepting it. Rather, if they seek God sincerely and follow the dictates of their conscience, they will, with the help of grace, achieve eternal salvation.

  25. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation CLOSURE Have the students write a paragraph about how the Church is the Mystical Body necessary for salvation.

  26. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT Reading • One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic through the sidebarSt. Ignatius of Loyola (pp. 177–181) Study Questions • Questions 6–9. • Practical Exercise 1. Workbook • Questions 7–9.

  27. 2. The Mystical Body Necessary for Salvation ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT Have the students do an Internet search for “Catholic missionary orders.” Locate one order, research that order, and write a paragraph about the work that order is doing in the mission field.

  28. 3. The Four Marks of the Church ANTICIPATORY SET Ask the students to imagine they are Christians living AD 200. They meet a missionary from the sect of the prophet Mani who tells them that their form of Christianity is in error and that the following doctrines are, in fact, true: • There is a cosmic battle under way between two gods. • Satan is the evil creator of the evil material world. • God is the good creator of the good spiritual world. Satan stole some of the light of the spiritual world and put it in human beings. • Secret knowledge and asceticism can liberate this light, which is the way that the “elect” are saved. This missionary can give you this secret knowledge if you join his sect. Then, have the students free write their response to explain how they would begin to defend their Christian faith against these ideas.

  29. 3. The Four Marks of the Church BASIC QUESTIONS • What are the marks of the Church? KEY IDEAS • The Church is one, holy, catholic, and apostolic. That is, there is only one Church, her holiness fully derives from Christ, she is for all men at all times, and she is grounded in the Apostles.

  30. 3. The Four Marks of the Church GUIDED EXERCISE Have the students work with a partner to make a bullet-point list of the ways in which the Church is one.

  31. 3. The Four Marks of the Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What kind of unity does Christ pray for at the Last Supper? Christ prays to the Father that just as he and the Father are one, that his followers and those who believe in him through them will be united in him and the Father. How did the four marks of the Church arise? They were articulated by early Christians in contradistinction to the qualities of various heretical sects that arose. What is the result of dissentions within or related to Christianity? The result is often the rupturing of the unity of the Church.

  32. 3. The Four Marks of the Church GUIDED EXERCISE Conduct a think/pair/share on the following question: What is the meaning of the word “catholic” in the Catholic Church?

  33. 3. The Four Marks of the Church FOCUS QUESTIONS How can the Church claim to be holy if it is made up of sinful members? The holiness of the Church comes directly from Christ. How is Christ’s holiness conveyed to the Church? Through the Sacraments. To what end are all the activities of the Church directed? To the sanctification of men in Christ and the glorification of God.

  34. 3. The Four Marks of the Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What are the three ways that the Church is apostolic? (1) The Church was founded by the Apostles; (2) she faithfully hands on the Apostles’ teaching; and (3) she is governed by the successors of the Apostles. What is apostolic succession? It is the chain of ordination from Apostle to bishop to successor bishop all the way down to the present. What does it mean to say that the Church “subsists” in the Catholic Church? The fullness of the Church that Christ founded “continues to exist” in the Catholic Church. What is the indefectibility of the Church? It means that the Church will last until the end of time.

  35. 3. The Four Marks of the Church GUIDED EXERCISE Have the students complete this table to clarify the three ways the Church is apostolic.

  36. 3. The Four Marks of the Church GUIDED EXERCISE

  37. 3. The Four Marks of the Church GUIDED EXERCISE Have the students work with a partner to write and answer three focus questions on the sidebar: “St. Ignatius of Loyola” (p. 181).

  38. 3. The Four Marks of the Church CLOSURE Have the students write a paragraph summarizing the four marks of the Church.

  39. 3. The Four Marks of the Church HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT Reading • The Mission of the Holy Spirit through the sidebar The Seven Sacraments (pp. 182–185) Study Questions • Questions 10–17. • Practical Exercise 2. Workbook • Questions 10–15.

  40. 3. The Four Marks of the Church ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT Have a class discussion based on the example of Manichæism from the anticipatory set on why the early Church would reject it based on the marks of the Church.

  41. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church ANTICIPATORY SET Have the students do an Internet search of the words “Holy Spirit” in an online concordance such as the following: quod.lib.umich.edu/r/rsv/simple.html Have them choose one verse about the Holy Spirit and then free write about what that verse means. Briefly share results.

  42. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church BASIC QUESTIONS • What role does the Holy Spirit play in the life of the Church? • What are bishops? • What is the Magisterium? • How do the Sacraments relate to the redemption? KEY IDEAS • The Holy Spirit gives life to the Church. • The college of bishops are the successors of the Apostles. • The Pope and the bishops united to him are the authentic teachers of the faith and enjoy the charism of infallibility. • The Church transmits the grace of Christ’s redemption through the Sacraments.

  43. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS According to CCC 797, what effect does the Holy Spirit have on the Church? The Holy Spirit gives unity to the Church in the manner in which the soul gives life to the human body. The human body is the “temple” that houses the soul and the Holy Spirit makes the Church into a temple of God. What gifts does the Holy Spirit give the members of the Church? The Holy Spirit gives members of the Church the theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity and the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit strengthens the graces of the Sacrament of Confirmation, giving the Christian the ability to be a witness of Christ in the world.

  44. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the visible hierarchy that Christ gave the Church? Christ chose the Twelve Apostles to be the foundation stones of the Church with St. Peter as their leader. How are Peter and his successors vicars of Christ? They act in the place of Christ, the invisible Head, as the visible Head of the Church. Where do we first see evidence that the mission entrusted to the Apostles was not to die with them? The Apostles elected Matthias to succeed in the office left open by Judas. Later Christ himself chose Paul to be an Apostle.

  45. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church GUIDED EXERCISE Develop an apologetical argument, based on Clement’s epistle, to prove that having bishops today is part of Christ’s plan for the Church.

  46. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS From where did the first bishops come? After the Apostles founded local churches, they appointed men to assist them in their ministry. These men succeed the Apostles. Where did the Church get the authority to teach? Christ gave it to the Apostles when he commanded them to teach the disciples they made to observe all that he has commanded.

  47. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What is the Magisterium? It is the name for the teaching office of the Church. It belongs to the Pope and the bishops united to him. What is the role of the Holy Spirit in the Church’s doctrines? Christ promised that the Holy Spirit would help the Apostles to remember everything he said to them and that the Spirit would teach them everything they needed to know.

  48. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church GUIDED EXERCISE Have the students work with a partner to explain each term in the definition of a Sacrament using one of the Seven Sacraments. A Sacrament is (1) an efficacious sign of grace, (2) instituted by Christ and (3) entrusted to the Church, by which (4) divine life is dispensed to us.

  49. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What are “matters of faith and morals”? Faith refers to religious doctrines, for example, “Christ rose from the dead.” Morals refer to behavior, for example, not to practice infanticide, something the early Christian’s pagan neighbors did. What does infallible mean? Unable to make an error. Who has the gift of infallibility? The Pope and the bishops united to him. What does it mean to define a doctrine? It means formally proposing it for belief as being divinely revealed and as the teaching of Christ.

  50. 4. The Teaching and Sanctifying Church FOCUS QUESTIONS What is necessary for bishops to teach infallibly? They must be in union with the Pope. Where are most infallible episcopal teaching found? In the decisions of ecumenical councils. What is papal infallibility? When the Pope, in virtue of his authority, defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the universal Church, he cannot be in error. What does ex cathedra mean? It means “from the chair” of St. Peter, an official, infallible teaching.

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