FREUD, JUNG AND FRYE

1. FREUD, JUNG AND FRYE PYSCHOANALYSIS & ARCHETYPES

2. FREUD PERSONALITY STRUCTURE ID- According to Freud we are all born with our Id, which is said to be based on our pleasure principle. The Id wants whatever feels good, and doesn’t take into consideration anything else. EGO- The next stage of personality development is our ego. This is based on the reality principle so it takes into consideration the needs of the ID, but ensures the reality of the situation is considered. SUPEREGO- The superego is our moral stage of personality. It has been said to be to our conscious as it dictates what is right and wrong. * The Ego is said to be the strongest in a healthy person as it ensures a balance between Super and Id.

3. FREUD Freud believed that the majority of what we experience is not actually available to us at a conscious level. He believed that most of our drive comes from our unconscious. Dreams are manifestations of the unconscious. Anything that we are aware of is stored within our conscious, which only makes up a small part of who we are. For this reason, we are only aware of a small part of who we really are. The Preconscious is also suppressed, but we are able to get to it if we prompt it.

4. FREUD’S DRIVE • Freud believed that we only have two drives: SEX AND AGGRESSION • SEX (or Eros) The Life Force represents our drive to live, prosper and produce offspring. • AGGRESSION (or Thanatos) The Death Force represents our need to stay alive.

5. Carl Gustav Jung • Jung was a student and friend of Freud. • Jung agreed with Freud for much of his work, but did not agree with his emphasis on the unconscious and focus on sexuality as a motivating force. • The unconscious, according to Jung, did not just contain repressed images, rather it was also made up of a collective unconscious which is universal to all.

6. The Collective Unconscious

7. Jung’s Archetypes The basic four archetypes according to Jung: • The Shadow- is dark, unknown and how the possibility to trouble. It takes the form of chaos and wildness of character. It does not obey rules, and, as a result, may discover new lands or create war. • The Anima- Man Soul. Our true identity, unmasked. • The Animus- Female Soul • The Self- Not just “me”, but God. This is what unites our conscious and unconscious.

8. Jung’s Other Archetypes • Family archetypes • The father: Stern, powerful, controlling • The mother: Feeding, nurturing, soothing • The child: Birth, beginnings, salvation • Story archetypes • The hero: Rescuer, champion • The maiden: Purity, desire • The wise old man: Knowledge, guidance • The magician: Mysterious, powerful • The earth mother: Nature • The witch or sorceress: Dangerous • The trickster: Deceiving, hidden • Animal archetypes • The faithful dog: Unquestioning loyalty • The enduring horse: Never giving up • The devious cat: Self-serving http://changingminds.org/explanations/identity/jung_archetypes.htm

9. FRYE • Frye believed that it is impossible to learn literature, rather one must learn about it through criticism. • Criticism of literature is what can be directly taught. • Considered some criticisms (pseudo-criticism) false, and centrifugal- moving away from the actual literature itself.

10. FRYE • Northrop Frye defined an archetype as a symbol, usually an image, which happens frequently enough to be considered as an element of one’s literary experience as a whole.  • Mythos- Frye believes that all fall into one of four mythos. He states that each mythos has 6 stages

11. FRYE CONTINUED