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Speech and Language Impairments

Speech and Language Impairments. Danielle Gomrick. Description. Speech and language disorders refer to problems in communication, or the actual production of sounds, and related areas such as oral-motor function- -sucking, swallowing, drinking, eating.

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Speech and Language Impairments

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  1. Speech and Language Impairments Danielle Gomrick

  2. Description • Speech and language disorders refer to problems in communication, or the actual production of sounds, and related areas such as oral-motor function--sucking, swallowing, drinking, eating. • A language disorder refers to a difficulty understanding or putting words together to communicate ideas. A language disorder is an impairment in the ability to understand and/or use words in context, both verbally and nonverbally. • A speech disorder refers to a problem with the actual production of sounds • The disorder ranges from simple sound substitutions to the inability to communicate or comprehend language.

  3. Commonality • Communication disorders affect 1 in 10 people in the United States. • Boys are 3 times more likely to stutter than girls. • Children are more likely, than adults, to have a speech and language impairment because they usually grow out of it before adulthood.

  4. Signs and Symptoms • Improper use of words and their meanings • Inability to express ideas • Inappropriate grammatical patterns • Reduced vocabulary • Inability to follow directions • Difficulty swallowing, sucking, drinking, or eating. • Cleft lip/palate • Weak oral muscles • Hearing impairments

  5. Marilyn Monroe- stuttered Carley Simon- stuttered Barbara Walters- lisp Bruce Willis- stuttered Tiger Woods- stuttered Julia Roberts- stuttered Samuel L. Jackson- stuttered Charles Darwin- stuttered Famous Persons

  6. Therapies • Speech-language pathologists (SLPs), often informally known as speech therapists, work with people to improve communication and oral-motor skills. • Language intervention therapies • Articulation therapies • Oral-motor/feeding therapies

  7. Medication • Medication is not necessarily used to help speech and language impairments. • In most cases, a child is on medication for another disorder or impairment that causes the struggle with speech.

  8. Affect on School/Learning • Children with communication disorders frequently do not perform at grade level. They may struggle with reading, misunderstand social cues, have difficulty in learning to listen, speak, read, or write. They may avoid attending school, show poor judgment, and have difficulty with tests. • Some students may also use sign language to communicate. • ACCOMODAIONS: Resource room, reduced classroom noise, teacher stand near student when giving vocal instructions, avoid correcting speech difficulties in the classroom, positive learning environment.

  9. Social Skills • A child who has a speech disorder may often have reduced social skills. • Shyness and low self-esteem are common among children with speech and language impairments. • May be difficult to make friends. • May feel embarrassed or ashamed.

  10. Functional Living Skills • Speech and language impairments do not usually affect functional living skills. They can still cook, take care of a child, have good personal hygiene, and have appropriate behavior. • Speech therapies may help a child become comfortable with functional living skills.

  11. Work and Community • Speech and language impairments may not affect a person on the job, especially because they may have grown out of it by then. • At most it will make a person shy or not want a job that includes verbal skills. • In the community exists very few accommodations for speech impairments. It is up to the individual to project, speak slow, and act confidently. However, some businesses have sign language experts.

  12. Organizations • Canadian Association for People who Stutter: a national network of self-help groups. • National Stuttering Association: support and educational organization. • AAC Institute: enhancing communication and alternative communication. • American Speech Language-Hearing Association: quality services for people with hearing disorders to communicate more effectively.

  13. Bibliography • http://www.nichcy.org/Disabilities/Specific/pages/speech-language.aspx • http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Speech-disorder • http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/statistics/vsl.asp#top • http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/ill/speech_therapy.html#a_Remediation • http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/schoolsFAQ.htm#learning • http://atrc.utoronto.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=157&Itemid=47#Speech%20Impairment%20Resources

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