Ancient Greece: Sparta vs. Athens Sparta: Sparta conquered the Laconians and Messina.

2. Ancient Greece: Sparta vs. Athens • Sparta: • Sparta conquered the Laconians and Messina. • Captured people were known as helots. • Sparta was based on military discipline: Children were taught how to fight, all men must serve in the army.

5. Sparta cont. • What was the famous Spartan broth? Pg 119. • Spartan women were expected to exercise and be fit to bear and raise children. • Women in Sparta had more freedom because their husbands were serving in the military.

6. Spartan Gov’t: • Was an oligarchy headed by two kings. • Ephors were a group of 5 men elected every year – responsible for education of youth and conduct of citizens. • Council of Elders: the 2 kings and 28 citizens over the age of 60.

7. Sparta cont. • Did not want outside influences. • Citizens were not allowed to travel outside of Sparta. • Citizens were discouraged from education. • War was the only thing the Spartans focused on.

8. Additional facts about Sparta: • The 300 – those were Spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae. One survived. • Weak or deformed children were killed right after birth. • Children were taken from their mothers at the age of 7 for military training.

12. Athens: • 700 BC aristocrats owned the best land and controlled politics. • Farmers were mistreated and sold into slavery when they could not pay their debts. • Athens was on the verge of a civil war.

13. Athens cont. • 594 BC Solon took power – canceled all debts and freed debtors. • 560 BC Pisistratus took power – improved trade, gave land to the poor. • 510 BC Cleisthenes took power – Council of 500, laws only passed by the assembly, laid the foundation for Athenian democracy.

14. Athens cont. • Athens gov’t was a democracy – Male citizens had the right to vote. • Citizens were encouraged to think and try and understand the world around them.