1 / 8

Direct / Indirect

Direct / Indirect. Jim Penman Simon Eggleston. CO 2 – The problem. CO 2 enters atmosphere either as CO 2 directly emitted “direct” CO 2 Or as oxidation of other C containing gases (e.g. CH 4 , CO, NMVOC) Existing Guidance

hart
Télécharger la présentation

Direct / Indirect

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Direct / Indirect Jim Penman Simon Eggleston

  2. CO2 – The problem • CO2 enters atmosphere • either as CO2 directly emitted “direct” CO2 • Or as oxidation of other C containing gases (e.g. CH4, CO, NMVOC) • Existing Guidance • Fuel emissions are based on C content of fuel – e.g. ALL C emitted as gas – Direct + Indirect CO2 (“total”). • Other sectors just have guidance for direct CO2. • Biogenic carbon sources have NO indirect CO2

  3. 2006 Guidelines • In order to reduce changes from existing guidelines • Fuel Combustion will be reported as before. • Other Sources should report Direct and Total (Direct + Indirect CO2) • Biogenic C sources have CH4 etc but NO indirect CO2 as it is part of a closed biological cycle. • Guidance on CH4 is there but no extra guidance for CO and NMVOC is anticipated (reference will be made to other sources of guidance) • It is not expected that this will be a major source • Most developed countries already have inventories of CO and NMVOC

  4. Indirect N2O • Existing guidelines for agriculture give methods for estimating emissions of N2O caused by the deposition of emitted NOx and NH3 – “indirect N2O” • Guidance given for Agriculture only • Clearly other emissions of NOx and NH3 cause indirect N2O

  5. Nitrogen Transport • Complex and difficult to estimate deposition • Measurements also need to be extensive, long term and expensive. • EMEP (UNECE) programme in Europe is an example

  6. An alternative • All N emitted is deposited • Apply emission factor to Emissions (as all emissions are deposited somewhere) • Allocate indirect N2O emissions to cause of the emission • Approach is simple and verifiable.

More Related