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1. The “(hi)story” of Women and Science at EU level 2. What have we achieved?

1. The “(hi)story” of Women and Science at EU level 2. What have we achieved? 3. Where are we heading?. History. Communication of the Commission, 17 February 1999 Resolution of the Council, 20 May 1999 Resolution of the Parliament, 3 February 2000 European Research Area, January 2000

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1. The “(hi)story” of Women and Science at EU level 2. What have we achieved?

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  1. 1. The “(hi)story” of Women and Science at EU level 2. What have we achieved? 3. Where are we heading?

  2. History • Communication of the Commission,17 February 1999 • Resolution of the Council, 20 May 1999 • Resolution of the Parliament, 3 February 2000 • European Research Area, January 2000 • Commission Staff Working Paper(Women and Science), 15 May 2001 • Council Resolution on Science and Society and on Women in Science, 26 June 2001 • Action Plan - Science and Society December 2002

  3. WHAT DID IT MEAN FOR US? • 93 FP4 … • 97 - FP5 • - MOBILISATION • - NATIONAL CONCERNS • - ART. 2 & 3 • - MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY • MAINSTREAMING RESEARCH? • (not self evident) • - COLLECTIVE ENDEAVOUR • - POLITICAL DRIVE • - POLICY KNOWLEDGE

  4. What did we achieve ? Women and Science Action Plan - ETAN - BY: FP 5 Statistics - HELSINKI - FOR: GIS - STAT CORR - ABOUT: Gender Research POLICY FORUM GENDER WATCH SYSTEM

  5. THE ETAN REPORT Available in English - French - Italian - German - Greek - Spanish

  6. THE HELSINKI GROUP • 30 Countries • Mandate • - Policy Review • - Indicators • - Perspective at EU level • Meetings • - 29-30 November 1999 • - 22-23 June 2000 • - 12-13 December 2000 • - 17-18 May 2001 • - 10-11 January 2002

  7. EUROPE

  8. Women in the Workforce, and as Researchers in HES and GOV, by country, %, 1999 %age women Country Workforce Higher Government Total Public population Ed’n Institutions Sectors Belgium 42.9 15 n.a. 15 Denmark 46.4 27 31 28 Germany 43.9 26 22 25 Greece 40.2 44 37 44 Spain 39.7 34 37 35 France 45.7 29 31 30 Ireland 40.4 46 25 31 Italy 30.4 28 38 31 Luxembourg 50.6 n.a. 32 32 Netherlands 43.0 17 n.a. 17 Austria 43.9 26 32 27 Portugal 45.4 43 53 47 Finland 48.0 42 38 41 Sweden 47.2 33 28 38 UK 44.3 35 21 33 EU 43.1 31 31 31 USA - 23 n.a. - Japan - 20 11- - ICELAND 46.8 34.7 37.3 35.9 Source: : WiS database (DG Research & Eurostat) Exceptions to the reference year: 1997: DE, PT; 1998: AT, UK (GOV); 2000: DE, LU Exceptions to the Frascati Manual definition of researchers: BE, IT, NL, UK (HES); EU: estimated data

  9. Feminisation ratio(Women per 100 men) in the Higher Education Sector by main fields of science (according to the Frascati Manual definitions) in some European countries, 1999 Country Natural Engineering Social Medical Agricultural Sciences & Technology Sciences & Sciences Sciences Humanities BE 13 4 23 16 8 DK 30 15 46 48 74 DE 22 13 43 52 46 FR 40 21 61 27 <-- IE 80 36 121 209 13 IT 45 16 56 30 32 NL 9 7 26 21 12 AT 17 6 43 37 35 PT 92 40 90 84 71 FI 52 29 94 108 57 SE 44 24 77 105 69 UK 34 17 63 107 49 ICELAND 20 59 64 61 79 Source: WiS database (DG Research & Eurostat) Legend: FR: Agricultural sciences are included in Natural Sciences; Exception to the Frascati Manual definition of researchers: BE, IT, NL, FI, UK Exception to the reference year: 1993: AT; 1997: PT ; 2000 : DE

  10. GEMS-Gender Empowerment Measure in Science some European countries, 1999 A measure of the difference in percentage terms between the presence of women as students in Higher Education and as full professors Country GEMS Belgium 18,1 Denmark14,7 Germany 12,4 Spain 22,5 France 22,0 Ireland 8,6 Italy 19,4 Netherlands 10,4 Austria 11,7 Interpretation Finland 26,4 A score of 50 = Equity Sweden 18,1 A score of 0 = inequity to the disadvantage of women ICELAND 21.2 A score of 100 = inequity to the advantage of women Source: Our elaboration from data in the WiS database (DG Research & Eurostat) Exception to the reference year: 1998: ES, IE, AT, SE 

  11. Apply to be an evaluator • www.cordis.lu/expert-candidature

  12. GENDER IMPACT STUDIES launched: June 15, 2000 results: Spring 2001 Quality of Life IST Growth Energy Environment INCO SME IHP

  13. Gender Impact Studies WP 1: Bibliographical background WP 2: Quantitative analysis and Implementation WP 3: Content analysis Draft Final: + Recommendations

  14. Gender Impact Studies Valorisation 1. Publication of the report 2. Internal seminar by programme (June) 3. November Conference

  15. INITIAL FINDINGS OF THE GENDER IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDIES -The gender blindness of technology and science - Gender in language and concepts - The ‘evaporation’ of gender through the implementation process - Gender as a bridge between social and natural research - Engendering energy issues in Europe

  16. Where are we heading ? Women and Science Action Plan - ETAN - BY: FP 5 Statistics - HELSINKI - ABOUT: Gender Research - INDICATORS - Networks - 40% target - Regions - engendering work programmes - WIR - action plans in new instruments - EAST - explicating genderdimension POLICY FORUM GENDER WATCH SYSTEM

  17. Sixth Framework Programme 2002-2006 • Commission proposal: 21 February 2001 • Instrumental for implementation of the European Research Area (ERA) • Proposed budget: EUR 17,5 billion • = 3,9% of the EU’s budget (2001) • = ~ 6% of the EU’s public (civilian) research budget Some figures:

  18. Sixth Framework Programme- Budget - Rationale: • Maintain economic weight of European investment in research / real growth of European economy • Financial perspectives • Increase: 17% (nominal) ; 8,8% (real) Increase (%) compared with previous framework programme

  19. Budgets of the EU Framework Programmes

  20. Sixth Framework Programme- Main components - STRENGTHENING the foundations of the European Research Area FOCUSING and INTEGRATING European research STRUCTURING the European Research Area • BASIC PRINCIPLES Structuring effect : through a stronger link with national, regional and other European initiatives Coordination - Simplification Concentration: on selected priority research areas

  21. Sixth Framework Programme

  22. Sixth Framework Programme

  23. 3 new instruments • Networks of excellence • Integrated projects • Programmes implemented jointly In priority thematic areas, the new instruments: • Will be used from the start of FP6 • As a priority means, while maintaining the use of specific targeted projects and co-ordination actions • Will be assessed in 2004

  24. 3 new instruments • Networks of excellence: • Lasting integration of research capacities • Long-term and multidisciplinary objectives • Implemented by a joint programme of activities • Genuine ‘virtual centres of excellence’ • High level of management autonomy • Gradual integration of work programmes • Selected on the basis of calls for proposals • Integrated projects • Programmes implemented jointly

  25. 3 new instruments • Networks of excellence • Integrated projects: • To boost competitiveness or to address major societal needs • To provide results applicable to products, processes or services • Research activities may be complemented by demonstration, innovation activities • High level of management autonomy • Implemented through overall financing plans • Selected on the basis of calls for proposals • Programmes implemented jointly

  26. Women and Sciencein the next Framework Programme Structuring/Science & Society/Women & Science Mainstreamed Genomics and biotechnology for health(priority 1) Citizens and governance in the European knowledge- based society(priority 7) Human Resources + everywhere through : work programme action plans evaluation reporting Engine

  27. Enriched Policy Forum • Enhanced Gender Watch System • Research on “Gender and Science

  28. RESEARCH ON ‘GENDER & SCIENCE’ -Statistics and indicators - Mechanisms of segregation - Methodologies of mainstreaming - Case-studies in scientific institutions - Assessment of policies and methodologies for benchmarking - Evaluation of the Gender Watch System - History, sociology and philosophy of science

  29. Expressions of Interest www.cordis.lu/fp6/eoi-instruments

  30. Women & Science Unit RESEARCH DG EUROPEAN COMMISSION our fax 32 (0)2 / 2993746 our website www.cordis.lu/science-society/women

  31. GENDER WATCH SYSTEM IN FP 6 Implementation - Target of 40% - Statistics - Rules for participation - Evaluation criteria

  32. “TOP-DOWN APPROACH” • EUROSTAT Legal Basis • R&D Working Parties • OECD Revision of Frascati Manual • R & D Survey • UNESCO Mandate, partnership

  33. Women in Science Database INDICATOR THEMES How many women? Horizontal segregation Vertical segregation Pay gap Success rate

  34. THE BENCHMARKING EXERCISE Full set of indicators and methodology ‘Understanding the functioning of RTD policies’ HR in RTD - incl. attractiveness of S&T professions Public & Private investment in RTD S&T productivity Impact of RTD on economic activity & employment

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