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What is it that drives and directs one’s actions?

What is it that drives and directs one’s actions?. The concept of motivation Maslow’s hierarchy of motivation The example of “hunger” Homeostasis Drive reduction Non-regulatory drives. PSY100 Fall Term:. Understanding behaviour. The brain and behaviour. Motivation. Learning.

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What is it that drives and directs one’s actions?

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  1. What is it that drives and directs one’s actions? • The concept of motivation • Maslow’s hierarchy of motivation • The example of “hunger” • Homeostasis • Drive reduction • Non-regulatory drives

  2. PSY100Fall Term: Understanding behaviour The brain and behaviour Motivation Learning Mental processes Perception Memory Thinking Language PSY100 Spring Term: Research Methods Social factors Development Individual differences Intelligence Personality Abnormal psychology

  3. Primarily biological Primarily learned Primarily involving the individual Primarily social e.g., hunger, thirst (Ch. 3) e.g. desire to acquire possessions (Ch. 13, 15) e.g. need for prestige (Ch. 13, 15) e.g. sex (Ch. 3, 11)

  4. Maslow’s Hierarchy: (See Gleitman pp. 628-629) Self-actualization needs Esteem needs Belongingness and love needs Safety needs Physiological needs

  5. Self-actualization needs Esteem needs “Social” needs Safety needs Physiological needs Psychological development Maslow’s hierarchy over time

  6. Possible dependent variables Possible independent variables Intervening variable Food seeking behavior Hours of deprivation Sight and smell of food Tolerance for bitter taste Social facilitation Preoccupation with and sensitivity to food images (in humans) Caloric intake Hunger

  7. Drive Instrumental behavior Consummatory behavior Drive reduction Homeostatic restoration Quiescence Need

  8. Clark Hull’s list of regulatory drives: • Thirst • Hunger • Optimum temperature • Urination • Defecation • Rest (after protracted exertion) • Sleep (after protracted wakefulness) • Activity (after protracted inaction)

  9. 1 2 Decreased glucose availability Decreased fatty-acid availability Inhibition 6 Multiple food-seeking responses 5 3 Liver Stomach Mouth Intestine 4 Hunger Satiety Eating

  10. Hypothalamus Hypothalamus

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