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Un repaso de

Un repaso de. ESPAÑOL I. La gramática. Present tense verbs ( AR , ER , IR ) Definite & Indefinite Articles Personal A Irregular Verbs Ser vs. Estar. La gramática (cont). Possessives Agreement Present Progressive Commands (+ tú) 8 irregulars! DOP IOP. ¡Vamos!.

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Un repaso de

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  1. Unrepasode ESPAÑOL I

  2. La gramática • Present tense verbs (AR, ER, IR) • Definite & Indefinite Articles • Personal A • Irregular Verbs • Ser vs. Estar

  3. La gramática (cont) • Possessives • Agreement • Present Progressive • Commands (+ tú) • 8 irregulars! • DOP • IOP

  4. ¡Vamos! • How do you conjugate regular ar, er, and ir verbs? HABLARCOMERESCRIBIR

  5. Definite Articles • Definite articles mean “the” and are SPECIFIC. (ie: “the” boy, “the” girl…) • What are they in Spanish?

  6. ¿Masculino o femenino? Me gusta el coche verde. • For masculine objects, use “el” or “los” if the object is plural. • For feminine objects, use “la” or “las” if the object is plural. Las rosas blancas son bonitas.

  7. Indefinite Articles • Indefinite articles mean “a,” “an,” or “some” and are NON-SPECIFIC. (ie: a horse, some sports) • What are they in Spanish?

  8. For masculine objects, use “un” or “unos” if the object is plural. • For feminine objects, use “una” or “unas” if the object is plural. Aquí hay una playa. Hay unos dólares en el banco.

  9. Personal “A” • The “personal a” is used to separate a verb from a subject when the subject is: • A person • An important animal

  10. Irregular Verbs • The ONLY verb that does NOT take the “personal a” is TENER. • Yo tengo a dos hermanas simpáticas. Tener

  11. Conjugate the following verbs: Salir (to leave) Venir (to come) Ir (to go) Decir (to say, tell) Ser (to be) Hacer (to do, make) Estar (to be) Poner (to put, place, set)

  12. Ser vs. Estar “To be or not to be? That is the question!” • What are the differences between ser and estar? • When do you use each?

  13. Reasons to use… • _____________ 1. __________________ • _____________ 2. __________________ • _____________ 3. __________________ ESTAR SER

  14. Possessives What is a possessive adjective? ________________________________________________________________. ¡Son mis dulces! ¡Los quiero!

  15. Agreement Nouns and adjectives must agree in ________ and in _________. chicAS bonitAS el lápiz azul los zapatOS chéverES

  16. Present Progressive Está tocando la guitarra.

  17. Let’s try it! • I am walking  (Yo) estoy caminando. • We are playing football.  (Nosotros) estamos jugando al futbol americano. • La Srta. Albright is talking.  __________________________.

  18. Affirmative “tú” Commands ¡Dime la verdad! Escribe, por favor. ¡Patina conmigo! ¡Escucha la música!

  19. How to Form a Command: • Take the “él, ella, Vd.” form of the verb. Mandato • Comer Timoteo come helado. ¡Come! • Esquiar A él le gusta esquíar. ¡Esquía! • Escribir Ella escribe en alemén. ¡Escribe!

  20. 8 Irregulars There are 8 irregular “tú” commands that you MUST memorize! ¡Me gusta el ritmo!

  21. Direct Object Pronouns Do you remember the DOPs? Here they are!! • DOPs answer 2 questions: 1. Who? 2. What? • In a sentence, always UNDERLINE the DOP!

  22. Where to Put Pronouns: 1. BEFORE THE CONJUGATED VERB 2. ATTACHED TO THE INFINITIVE 3. ATTACHED TO PROGRESSIVE

  23. 3 Steps to Find the DOP: • Step 1: Underline the subject. • Step 2: Replace subject with the appropriate DOP. • Step 3: Rewrite the sentence.

  24. Let’s Practice! Luisa tiene un muñeco de peluche. (Pregunta: ¿Qué tiene Luisa?) (Contesta: Un muneco de peluche.) Luisa lo tiene. La doctora está ayudando al niño. (P: ¿La doctora ayuda a quién?) (C: Al niño.) La doctora lo está ayudando. La doctora está ayudándolo.

  25. Indirect Object Pronouns Do you remember the IOPs? Here they are!! • IOPs answer 2 questions: 1. To whom? 2. For whom? • In a sentence, always CIRCLE the IOP!

  26. 3 Steps to Find the IOP: • Step 1: Circle the subject. • Step 2: Replace subject with the appropriate IOP. • Step 3: Rewrite the sentence.

  27. Let’s Practice! Mi novio llama a mí todos los días. (Pregunta: ¿Mi novio llama a quién?) (Contesta: ) Mi novio me llama. Yo estoy escribiendo a mis abuelos en California. (P: ¿Yo escribo a quién en California?) (C: ) Les estoy escribiendo. Estoy escribiéndoles.

  28. IOP & DOP When using a DOP and an IOP, which ALWAYS goes first? I’m not sure. What do you guys think???

  29. THE IOP!!!! Una regla importante: You learned in Spanish I that you CAN NOT have lela, lesla, etc. because of the double “l” sound. You would need to replace the “le” with ___.

  30. Let’s try it!! • 1. Mi amiga compra el regalo para mí. • Step 1: Underline the DOP. • Step 2: Circle the IOP. • Step 3: Rewrite the sentence putting the IOP first! • Mi amiga lo compra. • What does this mean in English?

  31. 2. Mis padres dan el dinero a nosotros.  3. Ricardo contesta la pregunta para mí.  4. María hace la cama para su hermana.  Don’t forget the 3 steps!

  32. ¡El fin!

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