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FACE, EYELIDS, LACRIMAL APPARATUS & SCALP Steven J. Zehren, Ph.D.

FACE, EYELIDS, LACRIMAL APPARATUS & SCALP Steven J. Zehren, Ph.D. BONES OF THE FACE. SKULL (ANTERIOR VIEW). Supraorbital f. NASAL. LACRIMAL. ZYGOMATIC. INF. NASAL CONCHA. VOMER. MAXILLA. MANDIBLE. Zygomatic pr. Ramus. Orbital surface. Body.

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FACE, EYELIDS, LACRIMAL APPARATUS & SCALP Steven J. Zehren, Ph.D.

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  1. FACE, EYELIDS, LACRIMAL APPARATUS & SCALP Steven J. Zehren, Ph.D.

  2. BONES OF THE FACE

  3. SKULL (ANTERIOR VIEW) Supraorbital f. NASAL LACRIMAL ZYGOMATIC INF. NASAL CONCHA VOMER MAXILLA MANDIBLE Zygomatic pr. Ramus Orbital surface Body Infraorbital f. Mental f. Frontal pr. Mental tubercle Alveolar pr. Mental protuberance

  4. SKULL (LATERAL VIEW) Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) LACRIMAL NASAL MAXILLA Frontal pr. Infraorbital f. MANDIBLE Alveolar pr. Head Mandibular notch Coronoid pr. ZYGOMATIC Ramus Body Mental f. Zygomatic arch

  5. MANDIBLE (MEDIAL VIEW) Mandibular foramen (inf. alveolar n.)

  6. INFERIOR ALVEOLAR AND MENTAL NERVES Inferior alveolar n. (w/in mandibular canal) Mental n. (emerging from mental f.)

  7. RESORPTION OF THE ALVEOLAR PROCESS OF THE MANDIBLE Mental foramen Mandible of aged person

  8. MAXILLARY SINUS (RELATIONSHIPS) Opening of sinus into middle meatus of nasal cavity Maxillary sinus Orbital surface Infratemporal surface Facial surface Roots of teeth

  9. NEWBORN ADULT FACE FORMS 1/8 OF SKULL FACE FORMS 1/3 OF SKULL

  10. SKULL OF NEWBORN (LATERAL VIEW) Mastoid process absent

  11. MUSCLES OF FACE

  12. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION

  13. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION DERIVED FROM PHARYNGEAL ARCH 2

  14. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION Epicranial aponeurosis Orbicularis oculi (palpebral part) Orbicularis oculi (orbital part) Frontalis Occipitalis Levator labii superioris Nasalis (transverse part) Nasalis (alar part) Orbicularis oris Zygomaticus minor Zygomaticus major Mentalis Depressor labii inferioris Depressor anguli oris Buccinator Risorius Platysma

  15. ORIGIN OF BUCCINATOR MUSCLE Alveolar process of maxilla Parotid duct Superior pharyngeal constrictor m. Buccinator m. Pterygomandibular raphe Alveolar process of mandible

  16. INSERTION OF BUCCINATOR MUSCLE Parotid duct Buccinator m. Orbicularis oris m.

  17. FUNCTION OF THE BUCCINATOR MUSCLE (coronal section through oral cavity) Oral vestibule Buccinator

  18. NERVES OF FACE

  19. FACIAL N. (VII) EXITS CRANIAL CAVITY VIA INTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS INTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS (VII & VIII)

  20. VII EMERGES FROM STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN STYLOID PROCESS MASTOID PROCESS STYLOMASTOID F.

  21. FACIAL NERVE BRANCHES IN PAROTID GLAND Temporal branches Zygomatic branches Main trunk of VII TO ZANZIBAR BY MOTOR CAR Buccal branches Marginal mandibular branch Cervical branch

  22. BELL’S PALSY

  23. COURSE OF VII IN FACIAL CANAL Int. auditory meatus Greater petrosal n. VII in facial canal of temporal bone Nerve to stapedius Stylomastoid for. Chorda tympani n. Branches to muscles of facial expression

  24. TRIGEMINAL NERVE (V) Ophthalmic N. (V1) (GSA) Trigeminal ganglion (GSA) Maxillary N. (V2) (GSA) Sensory root of V ganglion Mandibular N. (V3) (GSA, SVE)

  25. VERTEX – EAR – CHIN LINE Dorsal rami of cervical nerves Ophthalmic N. (V1) Maxillary N. (V2) Ventral rami of cervical nerves Mandibular N. (V3)

  26. CUTANEOUS NERVES OF HEAD AND NECK OPHTHALMIC N. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. DORSAL RAMI Lacrimal n. Infratrochlear n. Gr. occipital n. (C2) Ant. ethmoidal n. (ext. nasal br.) 3rd occipital n. (C3) MAXILLARY N. Infraorbital n. Zygomaticofacial n. Zygomaticotemporal n. VENTRAL RAMI Lsr. occipital n. (C2,3) MANDIBULAR N. Gr. auricular n. (C2,3) Mental n. Transverse cervical n. (C2,3) Buccal n. Supraclavicular nn. (C3,4) Auriculotemporal n.

  27. VESSELS OF FACE

  28. FACIAL ARTERY

  29. ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO FACE Black: from internal carotid a. (via ophthalmic a.) Red: from external carotid a.

  30. FACIAL VEIN

  31. EXTERNAL NOSE

  32. NOSE (SKELETON) Major alar cartilage Frontal Nasals Medial crus Maxilla (frontal pr.) Lateral crus Septal cartilage (lateral prs.) Septal cartilage Major alar cartilage Lateral crus Medial crus Alar fibrofatty tissue Septal cartilage Alar fibrofatty tissue

  33. EYELIDS & LACRIMAL APPARATUS

  34. EYELIDS (SAGITTAL SECTION) Levator palpebrae superioris m. Orbital septum Sup. tarsal m. Sclera Sup. conjunctival fornix Bulbar conjunctiva Orbicularis oculi m. (palpebral pt.) Palpebral conjunctiva Sup. tarsus Cornea Tarsal glands Sebaceous glands Eyelashes (cilia) Openings of tarsal glands Inf. tarsus Orbicularis oculi m. (palpebral pt.) Inf. conjunctival fornix Orbital septum

  35. TARSOFASCIAL LAYER OF EYELIDS Orbital septum Superior tarsus Lat. palpebral lig. Lacrimal sac Inferior tarsus Med. palpebral lig. Orbital septum

  36. LACRIMAL APPARATUS Sup. lacrimal papilla and punctum Orbital part of lacrimal gland Lacrimal canaliculi Palpebral part of lacrimal gland Lacrimal sac Ducts of lacrimal gland Nasolacrimal duct Plica semilunaris Opening of nasolacrimal duct (into inf. meatus of nasal cavity) Lacrimal caruncle Inf. lacrimal papilla and punctum

  37. AUTONOMIC INNERVATION OF LACRIMAL GLAND Trigeminal ganglion (V) Greater petrosal n. Maxillary n. (V2) N. of pterygoid canal Facial n. (VII) Pterygopalatine ganglion Pterygopalatinganglion Sup. salivatory nucleus Lacrimal gland Deep petrosal n. Int. carotid plexus Sup. cervical sympathetic ganglion 1st and 2nd thoracic spinal nn. Sympathetic presynaptic fibers Sympathetic postsynaptic fibers Parasympathetic presynaptic fibers Parasympathetic postsynaptic fibers

  38. AUTONOMIC INNERVATION OF LACRIMAL GLAND (CONTINUED) Communicating branch Lacrimal gland Lacrimal n. Zygomaticotemporal n. V ganglion Maxillary n. (V2) Zygomatic n. N. of pterygoid canal Pterygopalatine ganglion Pterygopalatine nn.

  39. SCALP

  40. S. C. A. L. P.

  41. NERVES AND ARTERIES OF SCALP

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