1. Lung diseases and lung function testing

2. Mortality Lung diseases 8,1% Tumors 19,3 % Circulatory diseases 54,4 %

3. Respiration air cell (mitochondria) tissue hypoxia, hypercapnia Breathing (lungs) ventilation (VA) PA control, muscles, chest, lungs diffusion PA – Pa alveolo-cap. membrane, V/Q Pa resistance of bronchi and vessels Hypoxemia (PaO2), Hypercapnia (PaCO2) Transport (blood) Diffusion

4. Lung diseases: Obstructive Restrictive Vascular Others RL RAW RLT ventilation(work of breathing) expiratory position (FRC) CL structure diffusion surface tension pulmonary circulation (V/Q) edema

5. Testing Dyspnoea Blood gases (Pa,, PETt) Mechanics (VT, f, VE, VA) ( CL, RL ) (RAW, FRC) Work of breathing Transfer factor (diffusion capacity) basic (spiromertry): static volumes and capacities, dynamic volumes blood gases, plethysmography: TLC, FRC, RL, CL, RL, special: pulmonary circulation, distribution of ventilation, respiratory muscles fatigue, analysis of expired air

6. Blood gases kPa mmHg (torr) PaO2predicted13 – 10 100 - 75 light hypoxemia 9,6 – 8 72 – 60 severe lower than 6,5 50 PaCO2 predicted 5 – 5,6 38 – 42 hypercapnia over 6 45 hypocapnia lower than 4,7 35 Arterialized blood PET Pulse oxymetry 94% Respiratory insufficiency – global (hypoventilation) ventilatory hyperbola parcial (diffusion, V/Q)

9. FRC, EELV, TGV

10. dynamická CL RL

14. EPP

15. expiratory volume flow inspiratory

16. expiratory volume Initial after bronchodilation flow inspiratory Initial after bronchodilation

17. Transfer faktor (difúzní kapacita) DLCO Respiratory muscles fatigue Relaxation time P0,1 EMG NO Exhaled air condensate