Mold Damage on Ceiling and Wall

1. Mold Damage on Ceiling and Wall

2. Classification Fungi based on hypha: Somatic hyphae.A) Portion of a hypha having more than one nucleus (nonseptate); B) Portion of a septate hypha.

3. I- Septate Hypha 1- Aspergillus sp. Mould , Filametous, cosmopolitan, ubiquitous Over 185 species, around 20 species are opportunistic infection in man, 4 common : A. fumigatus, flavus,niger,terreus

4. Microscopic features: Conidiophore, Vesicle at the apex bearing flask shaped phialides which are uniseriate ( attached to the vesicle directly) or are biseriate ( attaced to the vesicle by supporting cell Matula). Colred spores according to the species. In chains from the end of the phialides.

6. Aspergillus fumigatus cause of Aspergillosis.

7. 2- Penicillium spp. Widely distributed in nature . The namePenicilliumcomes from penicillus = brush, and this is based on the brush-like appearance of the fruiting structures Has NO vesicle Conidiophore simple or branched and terminated by phialides

8. Apple rotting Penicillium expansum. The fungus, Penicillium expansum, not only causes fruit decay but also produces the carcinogenic mycotoxin patulin. Patulin is also an antibiotic.[1] Several countries have instituted patulin restrictions in apple products. The World Health Organization recommends a maximum concentration of 50 µg/L in apple juice.[

9. Penicillium roquefortiiused in the manufacture of blue cheese.

10. Citrus fruits Penicillium italicum two species ofPenicilliumat the same time. The smaller bluish colony isPenicillium italicum.   The larger olive-green colony isPenicillium digitatum.  These are the two common species ofPenicilliumattacking citrus fruits.  

11. Penicillium chrysogenum The Drug penicillin A commonly mould in most homes

12. 3- Cladosporium sp • Cladosporium appears gray to black or very dark green and can have a powdery appearance. The genus Cladosporium includes over 30 species. • Black molds ( black pigment protect it from Uv). • Commen on decaying plant. • Conidiophore long and branched • spores one or two celled and occur in long branching chains that arise from

13. Cladosporium sp. – Most commonly identified outdoor fungus. Common cause of extrinsic asthma

14. Culture ofCladsporium cladosporioides Conidiophores and conidia ofCladosporium cladosporioides.

15. Cladosporium fulvum- Cladosporium Leaf Mold of Tomatoes

16. 4- Fusarium sp. Filamentous Conidiophores vary depend on the species, thin or thick and clustered to form sporodochia

17. Fusarium Root Rot - Fusarium sp. Macroconidies falciformesFusariumsp.

18. Fusarium oxysporum, the fungus that causes Fusarium wilt of watermelon and muskmelon, as it would be seen under a high-power laboratory microscope: (a) conidiophores, many bearing macroconidia; (b) macroconidia; microconidia; (d) thick-walled chlamydospores

19. 5- Alternaria sp. Production of melanin- like pigment Conidiophores divided Conidiophores have vertical and transverase septa Some Conidiophores have terminal end

20. Non septate hypha • Mucor sp. • Sporingiophore derived from branched hypha • Sporangiospores • Large columella

21. Rhizopus sp Cosmopolitan filamentous fungus Common contaminants Occational causes of serious infection in human Some species are plant pathogen

22. Absidia sp Rhizoids are rarely observed, when present THE Sporangiophore arise on stolon from points between the rhizoids

24. Pilobolus kleiniidung-loving The black caps containing the spores are shot off violently a distance of up to six feet and stick to grass blades in the vicinity. The grass and caps are eventually eaten by herbivores. The spores are released during digestion and are dispersed in the fecal droppings of the herbivore to start the cycle again.

25. Sclerotiniasclerotiorum مرض العفن الأبيض (الاسكليروتيني) SclerotiniaRot