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The Trojan War

The Trojan War. What Happened?. Greece 1260-1250 B.C. Ruins and evidence of a war Scholars believe the war was over control of shipping and trade. #1 The I liad First written record of Greece Describes 51 days of the last year of the 10-year war Achilles is a main focus.

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The Trojan War

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  1. The Trojan War

  2. WhatHappened? • Greece 1260-1250 B.C. • Ruins and evidence of a war • Scholars believe the war was over control of shipping and trade.

  3. #1 The Iliad First written record of Greece Describes 51 days of the last year of the 10-year war Achilles is a main focus. How do we know about this stuff? It’s described in two epic poems by Homer, a blind poet:

  4. #2 The Odyssey Describes Odysseus trying to get back home to Greece It takes 10 years. He and his men face monsters, giants, cannibals, temptation, and death. How do we know about this stuff? It’s described in two epic poems by Homer, a blind poet:

  5. The Judgment of Paris • ERIS, goddess of discord, was not invited to a wedding. • Sent a golden apple - “For The Fairest” • Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite all claimed the apple.

  6. The Judgment of Paris • Zeus refused to judge the contest. • He was afraid of offending the other goddesses. • He made Paris, Prince of Troy, be the judge of which goddess was the most beautiful.

  7. The Bribe • Each of the three try to make Paris choose her: • Hera promises KINGLY POWER • Athena promises WISDOM AND GLORY IN WAR • Aphrodite promises the MOST BEAUTIFUL WOMAN ON EARTH as his wife (Paris chooses Aphrodite)

  8. Helen is Abducted (sort of)! • Helen: the beautiful Queen of Sparta (in Greece) • Her Husband: King Menelaus • Paris “abducts” Helen. • 1000 ships leave for Troy to get her back. • Odysseus & Achilles are in the Greek fleet.

  9. There’s a Problem! • The goddess Artemis demanded a sacrifice before the Greeks could sail. • Agamemnon, the brother of Menelaus, had to sacrifice his daughter. • This eventually caused his death (after the war).

  10. Who Were The Trojans?

  11. Priam:King of Troy, father of Hector and Paris

  12. Hector: Andromache:Son of PriamHector's wife

  13. Paris:Hector’s brother, the Handsomest Prince in the World

  14. Caught in the Middle:Helen of Sparta/Troy

  15. Who Were the Greeks/Achaeans?

  16. King Agamemnon and his brother, King Menelaus (Helen's husband).

  17. Achilles: Invincible son of the nymph Thetis

  18. "Crafty" Odysseus • Greek King and Warrior • Famous for his tricky mind • Came up with the idea of the Trojan Horse to win the war • Often motivated Achilles

  19. And Now: Front Page News! • Design the front page of a Greek OR Trojan newspaper announcing the beginning of the Trojan War.Your Front Page must include the following: • A large, interest-grabbing headline • A main story [article] that mentions • The reason for the war • At least FOUR important people involved • Your country’s opinion of which side is right & why. • Three of the gods who are on your side • See page 264 to get this information • An illustration of some kind related to the article

  20. The War • It lasts for 10 years • Hand to hand combat • Temporary truces to bury the dead • No fighting after sunset • Neither side can seem to win

  21. Achilles Withdraws from the War • Achilles and Agamemnon argue over a captured girl. • Agamemnon takes the girl, Briseis, from Achilles. • Achilles refuses to fight anymore

  22. The Death of Patroclus • War goes badly for the Greeks without Achilles • Achilles’ best friend, Patroclus, wears Achilles’ armor and goes into battle. • Hector, the best Trojan warrior, mistakes Patroclus for Achilles and kills him.

  23. The Return of Achilles • Achilles mourns and grieves for Patroclus in his tent and vows revenge on Hector • His mother, Thetis, comes to comfort him • She convinces him to rejoin battle with new armor made by Hephaestus

  24. The Death of Prince Hector • Hector and Achilles fight alone before the gates of Troy. • Achilles kills Hector and drags his corpse around the walls of Troy. • The gods become angry at Achilles for this.

  25. The Death of Prince Hector Achilles vs. Hector

  26. The Ransom of Hector • Hector’s father, King Priam takes riches to Achilles, kneels before him, begs for Hector’s body to be returned. • Achilles returns the body, and promises Priam a truce for Hector’s funeral rites. • The Funeral Rites last for nine days.

  27. The Death of Achilles • Only had one vulnerable spot - his right heel • Paris shoots Achilles in heel with an arrow • Achilles dies from the wound

  28. Greece’s Last Chance: The Trojan Horse • Greeks build a huge hollow horse & hide soldiers inside. • Trojans thought they had won • They drag the horse inside the city. • They begin partying to celebrate their victory.

  29. The Fall of Troy • Greeks in the horse open the gates to let their army inside. • Troy is soon in flames. • King Priam is killed. • Helen is returned to Menelaus

  30. Odysseus Angers the Gods • Greeks violate Trojan temples. • Menelaus and Odysseus do not offer sacrifices to the gods to thank them for victory. • Odysseus, creator of the Trojan Horse, will suffer the longest. • But we’ll get to that next week. 

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