Jeopardy

1. Jeopardy Science TAKS Review 2009

2. Welcome to Jeopardy! The first round begins now. Let’s take a look at the categories…

3. Click here to proceed to Double Jeopardy!

4. What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment? A: The independent variable is the day on which the aluminum was collected. The dependent variable is the mass of the aluminum in kg. Category 1100 The graph shows the amount of aluminum collected during one week for recycling. Which of the following statements best describes the data shown? A More aluminum was collected on Wednesday than Friday. B Twice as much aluminum was collected on Monday than Friday. C Less aluminum was collected on Monday than Wednesday. D The most aluminum was collected on Friday. • B

5. Category 1200 The graph shows the percentage of hemoglobin that combines with carbon monoxide (CO) at various concentrations. Exposure to 400 parts per million of CO in air can cause people to experience nausea and a throbbing headache. According to the graph, about what percentage of hemoglobin is bound to CO at a CO concentration of 400 parts per million? A 25% B 35% C 40% D 55% What type of cells contain hemoglobin? What body system is it associated with? A: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin. The circulatory system is usually associated with the transportation of RBCs, but the skeletal system is also associated with it because the bone marrow is where red blood cells are formed. • B

6. What question was this experiment most likely trying to answer? A: How do temperature and humidity affect the growth of mold? Category 1300 According to the data, what are the best conditions for growing mold? A cold temperature and low humidity B warm temperature and high humidity C cold temperature and high humidity D warm temperature and low humidity • B

7. Category 1400 What inference is supported by the information in the graph? A Only 10.7 percent of all landfills have a permit to burn tires. B About one-third of all scrap tires are either exported or recycled. C Most scrap tires are illegally dumped to avoid tire disposal fees. D The supply of scrap tires is greater than the reuse of scrap tires. • D

8. Category 1500 Objects of the same mass but of different sizes and shapes were dropped from a given height. Their rates of free fall were measured and recorded. Which of the following is most likely the question this experiment was designed to answer? A How does height affect the force of gravity? B How does gravity affect objects of different densities? C How do mass and weight affect falling objects? D How do size and shape affect an object’s rate of free fall? Identify the independent and dependent variables in this experiment. A: The independent variable is the different objects. The dependent variable is the calculated rate of free fall. • D

9. Category 2100 Based on the summary equation shown below, which of the following is produced by the reaction? A CO2 B H2O Clight D C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2 What process does this equation represent? How is related to the process of cellular respiration? A: The equation represents photosynthesis. It is the opposite of cellular respiration because the products of photosynthesis are the reactants for cellular respiration. • D

10. Category 2200 On a hot summer day, a road-crew worker perspires and then feels thirsty as her body temperature increases. This response is an example of — Areleasing enzymes B decreasing respiration C assimilating proteins D maintaining homeostasis Which body system’s job is to filter the blood to rid the body of nitrogenous waste? A: Excretory system (also referred to as the urinary system) • D

11. What are the energy transferring molecules used by cells called? A: ATP Category 2300 Which organelle pictured is responsible for transforming solar energy into stored chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates? A Nucleus B chloroplast C Golgi D mitochondrion apparatus A: Ribosomes are structures that function to assemble proteins (protein factories). If you remove them from a cell, it would not be able to conduct protein synthesis. Which process would be stopped by removing the ribosomes found in a cell? • B

12. Which picture shows a plant cell in a hypertonic solution? A:Letter A shows a plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution, because the water is moving out of the cell. Category 2400 If placed in a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will - Aswell due to osmosis Bburst due to diffusion Cshrink due to osmosis Dremain constant in size What would happen to a freshwater organism if you placed it in saltwater? A: Placing a freshwater organism in saltwater is like placing a cell in a hypertonic solution. The freshwater organism’s cells would lose water by osmosis and eventually shrivel and die. • A

13. Category 2500 Describe 4 ways that plant cells are different from animal cells? • Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, and animal cells do not. Plant cells usually contain one large vacuole, but animal cells have many small vacuoles. Animal cells contain centrioles that help cells divide, while plant cells do not. A:Flagella or cilia What cellular structure(s) are usually associated with movement in unicellular organisms?

14. Category 3100 Which organism lives in the human intestine and aids in the digestive process? A The bacterium Escherichia coli B The fungus Trichophyton rubrum C The protozoan Entamoeba coli D The algae Fucus vesiculosis What is the most common treatment for bacterial infections? A: Antibiotics A: Bacterial growth can be slowed by using disinfectants, cleaning with soap or detergents, cooking thoroughly, boiling, freezing, refrigeration, canning, or salting. What are some ways to inhibit the growth of bacteria? • A

15. Category 3200 How do viruses cause illness? AViruses act as hosts to bacteria, allowing them to better survive. BViruses damage healthy cells by entering them in order to replicate. CViruses interfere with blood clotting. D Viruses destroy healthy tissue by using it for energy. How are cells different from viruses? How are cells and viruses the same? A: Viruses are similar to cells in that they contain genetic material like DNA or RNA, but they lack the characteristics of life and can only reproduce within a host. • B

16. What process is responsible for the results of the man’s pesticide treatment? A: Natural selection; those that are better suited for their environment will survive to reproduce and pass on their traits. Category 3300 A man treated his home with a pesticide that kills roaches. The first application of the pesticide killed 92% of the roaches. Two months later he applied the pesticide to this home again, but the second application killed only 65% of the roaches. What would best explain the decrease in the effectiveness of the pesticide? AThe pesticide is effective only against mature roaches. BOnce roaches learned how to fight the pesticide, they taught others. CThe surviving roaches were naturally resistant to the pesticide, and hat resistance was inherited by their offspring. D The pesticide caused some of the roaches’ digestive sytems to mutate and metabolize the pesticide. • C

17. Category 3400 Which situation best represents a mutualistic relationship? AA tapeworm absorbing nutrients from the intestines of a dog. BAn orchid being pollinated by a nectar collecting wasp. CA human losing blood to a feeding mosquito D An armadillo rooting in the soil at the base of an oak tree. Which of the above example(s) describes parasitism ? Why? A: Letters A & C describe parasitism because the tapeworm and the mosquito are parasites that harm (but don’t kill) their hosts in order to live. • B

18. Which of the organisms would have the least amount of energy available? Why? A: Only 10% of the energy passes from one trophic level to the next. So, the hawk would receive the least amount of energy because it is on the top of the food chain. Category 3500 Which organisms in this food web can be described as both primary and secondary consumers? AHawks BWeasels C Raccoons DMice • C

19. Category 4100 Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? AIce cracking B Sugar dissolving C milk souring D lead melting Give two other examples of a chemical change. A: Answers will vary and should involve burning, reacting, etc. • C

20. A:Density = mass/volume; D = m/v Category 4200 What is the formula used to determine density? Which of the following objects will float on water? A C B D Mass = 45 g Volume = 40 cm3 Mass = 55 g Volume = 50 cm3 Mass = 50 g Volume = 45 cm3 Mass = 60 g Volume = 65 cm3 • D

21. Category 4300 In the procedure shown above, a calcium chloride solution is mixed with a sodium sulfate solution to create the products shown. Which law or theory is illustrated by this activity? • AThe law of conservation of mass

22. Daily Double

23. A: syrup Which substance is more viscous, water or syrup? Category 4400 Students in a chemistry lab measure the time it takes four different 100 mL solutions to pass through a hole in the bottom of a cup. Which of the following properties of the solutions is most likely being measured? A viscosity B buoyancy C mass D volume • A

24. T or F: Rust forming on an iron pipe after exposure to humidity is a physical change. A: FALSE Category 4500 Which of these describes a pollution-producing process that involves only a physical change? ACoal with a high sulfur content is burned, producing gases that cause acid rain. B Chlorofluorocarbons are released, changing ozone in the upper atmosphere into oxygen. C Hot wastewater is discharged into a lake, lowering oxygen levels in the water. D Nitrogen oxide emission combine with water vapor, producing nitric acid. • C

25. A: v = d/t; speed = distance traveled/ time What is the formula for calculating speed? Category 5100 Based on the distance-time graph for two walkers, each of the conclusions listed below is valid EXCEPT – AWalker A walked at a constant speed for 2400 meters. BWalker B rested for 10 minutes. C Walker A and Walker B each walked for 30 minutes. DWalker A walked 1000 meters farther than Walker B. • D

26. Category 5200 A man who was sleeping wakes up because he hears the smoke alarm go off in his house. Before opening the bedroom door, the man feels the door to see whether it is warm. He is assuming that heat would be transferred through the door by __________. Give an example of convection and radiation. A: Answers will vary. • conduction

27. Sometimes drawing a picture helps to solve word problems. Category 5300 A person pushes a large box across a level floor by applying a horizontal force of 200 N. If the person pushes the box a distance of 5 meters in 10 seconds, how much work does the person do on the box? IF the question asks to calculate power, what other variable would you need? A: Time • 1000 joules

28. Category 5400 A machine uses a force of 100 N to push an object a distance of 5 meters in 10 seconds. What is the power of the machine? A 50 watts B 5 watts C 500 watts D 5000 watts If the object doesn’t move, is any work done? A: No; if distance is zero, then the work is zero. • A

29. Category 5500 A Blood rushes from your head to your feet while quickly stopping when riding on a descending elevator. 1st Identify which of the following examples describes Newton’s 3rd Law. B An elephant and a mouse in free fall land on the ground at the same time. 2nd C Headrests are placed in cars to prevent whiplash injuries during rear-end collisions. 1st D While driving down the road, a firefly strikes the windshield of a bus and makes a quite obvious mess in front of the face of the driver. 3rd E While riding a skateboard (or wagon or bicycle), you fly forward off the board when hitting a curb or rock or other object which abruptly halts the motion of the skateboard. 1st F A baseball player hits a ball with a large swing and the ball goes far. He hits it with a smaller swing and the ball doesn’t fly as far. 2nd Identify which law is illustrated in each scenario A – F (IN ORDER).

30. DoubleJeopardy

31. Good Job players! We will now begin the Double Jeopardy round. Here are your categories…

33. Category 1200 The illustration shows volume levels of a liquid in a graduated cylinder before and after a sample was removed. According to this information, what was the volume of the sample to the nearest milliliter? What is the curved surface of the water called? A: Meniscus • 9 ml

34. Category 1400 Apple cider containing yeast was placed in a sterile container and kept at room temperature. When small bubbles of gas formed in the cider 2 days later, a student asked, “What is producing the gas bubbles?” Which statement is a hypothesis that could be tested experimentally to answer this question? A A container of cider without yeast should serve as a comparison. B Set up an apparatus to collect and test the gas. CCellular respiration is being carried out by the yeast. D The rate of gas produced must be determined. • C

35. Category 1600 The table shows four mass readings of one object as measured by four different balances. Which balance produced the most-consistent measurements? Define precision. A: Precision refers to measurements that are similarly repeated • T

36. Category 1800 The dependent variable in this investigation is – A the gas released B constant lightC the green plant   D water What is the independent variable in this experiment? A: The IV is the absence/ presence of light. • A

37. C Category 11000 A student observes a garden plot. Several plants shaded by a tree are not as large as those of the same species growing in the full sun. the student asks, “Why are the plants growing in the shade smaller than the plants growing in the sun?” Which is the most reasonable hypothesis to explain the student’s observations? A The tree removes water from the soil. The drier soil limits the growth of those plants growing near the tree. B The tree removes minerals from the soil. The mineral-reduced soil limits the growth of those plants growing near the tree. C The tree blocks sunlight, lowering the light level in the shaded area. This limits the growth of this plants species which grows best in direct sunlight. D The tree blocks sunlight, lowering the air temperature of the shaded area. This limits the growth of this plants species which grows best at warmer temperatures.

38. Category 2200 T or F: All the cells (except gametes) in an organism have the same DNA. A: TRUE Mutations in DNA molecules can occur when - Areplication of DNA is exact Ba DNA enzyme attaches to an RNA codon CRNA codons are replaced by DNA nucleotides D a change occurs in DNA nucleotide bases What is the function of DNA? A: DNA carries the blueprint (genetic code) for all the traits of an organism. • D

39. A:Translation is a process that occurs in the cytoplasm at the ribosomes, when DNA is copied to form a mRNA to assemble amino acids to make proteins. The resulting amino acids from the mRNA would be serine-isoleucine. Define translation. Where does it take place in the cell? What would be the resulting amino acid sequence? Category 2400 What would be the sequence of nitrogen bases in the DNA segment from which the above section of mRNA was transcribed? Define transcription. Where does it take place in the cell? A:Translation is a process that occurs in the Nucleus when DNA is copied to form a mRNA strand. • AGCTAA

40. Category 2600 A biologist has just discovered a new life form. The newly described organism is multicellular, does not carry on photosynthesis, and absorbs nutrients from the environment. It is composed of eukaryotic cells with cell walls. In which kingdom would the organism be classified? Which classification level is the most specific? A:Species • Fungi

41. If a fruit fly that is homozygous ebony-bodied and curly-winged is crossed with a fruit fly that has both white-bodied and a curly-winged, what will be the percentage of genotypes that would most likely be found in the first-generation offspring? Category 2 800 If a poppy flower plant has a genotype of RrYy, what are the possible genetic combinations that could be present in a single egg cell from this plant? A:RY, Ry, rY, ry • 100% Eenn

42. D, respiratory system Category 21000 The medulla, part of the brain stem, reacts quickly to increased levels of CO2 in the blood and stimulates a response from which system? Match the correct name of the body system to the description. A Circulatory system B Immune system C Integumentary system D Respiratory system E Digestive system Which system is responsible for producing enzymes that aid in breaking down substances to be absorbed from the body’s growth and repair? Which system of the body would be directly affected if a large number of T-cells were attacked by a virus? Hemoglobin carries oxygen to body cells. Which body system contains hemoglobin?

43. Category 3200 The diagram shows several phases of the nitrogen cycle. Which of the following describes the most likely effect of removing some plants from the area by using chemical herbicides? A The rate of erosion of rocks on the ground would be slowed. B The flow of necessary nutrients would be disrupted. C The ability of plants to complete photosynthesis would be increased. D The infiltration of water into the ground would be halted. • B

44. Category 3400 Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leafless plants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops get their nourishment from the roots of beech trees, which reduces the amount of nutrients available to the trees themselves. This interaction is best described as — Acommensalistic Bparasitic Cpredatory Dmutualistic Define commensalism. A:It is a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected. (+ / Ø ) • B

45. If krill, a marine crustacean, were over harvested by commercial fisherman, which population of organisms would most likely increase? A:If krill were harvested by fisherman, the plankton population would increase because the predator would be absent. Category 3600 The difference in the size of each layer of this food pyramid is primarily the result of the difference in – Afood choices of individual niches Boceanic zones of habitat Cthe amount of food energy at each trophic level Dthe relative heights of the organisms • c

46. A:The waxy cuticle that covers the leaves and gives it a shiny appearance prevents the leaves from drying out. Which other part of a plant’s leaf also prevents it from drying out? Category 3800 Cactic grow slowly compared to most other plants. The fact that cacti keep their stomata closed for much of the day can help explain this growth characteristic. Which of these best explains the advantage of keeping stomata closed during the day? AIt limits water loss through transpiration. BIt conserves oxygen produced in photosynthesis. CIt recycles carbon dioxide within plant systems. DIt protects plant tissues from predators. • A

47. Category 31000 The Mountain Hare was introduced to Faroe Island from Norway in 1854. During the first years, some of the hares developed a white coat in winter, like their ancestors from Norway, but after a few decades, due to the oceanic climate with its lack of snow cover, the Faroese Hares population was staying brown all year. Today, when the Faroese Hares are put in the same enclosure again with the Mountain Hare from Norway, they no longer interbreed. Which of the following explains this phenomenon? ACompetition BExtinction CPredation DSpeciation Why is the white coat color of the Mountain Hare from Norway an advantageous adaptation? A:The white fur is an advantageous trait because it camouflages the hare from predators thereby allowing it to survive and live to reproduce. • D

48. Category 4200 What is the mass of a 500.00 mL sample of seawater with a density of 1.025 g/mL? A487.8 g B500.0 g C512.5 g D 625.0 g T or F: An object will float in water if its density is less than 1g/cm3. A:TRUE • C

49. What element is represented by the model pictured here? What is a compound? Give an example. A:A compound is a substance formed by chemical combining two or more elements in definite proportion by weight . Examples may vary by student. Category 4400 An unknown silvery powder has a constant melting point and does not chemically or physically separate into other substances. The unknown substances can be classified as - Aan element Ba compound C a mixture Dan alloy A:Sodium • A

50. Category 4600 • Solubility Rules • All sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble. • All silver, lead, and mercury salts are insoluble. • All carbonates, sulfides, and hydroxides are insoluble. • All sulfates are soluble except calcium sulfate and • barium sulfate. Which of the following salts has the greatest solubility in water at 25ºC? ACaCO3 BKClO4 CHgCl2 D FeS What property of water makes it such an effective solvent? A:Water is a polar molecule. • B