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Introduction to Software Testing (Paul deGrandis)

Introduction to Software Testing (Paul deGrandis). [Reading assignment: Chapter 15, pp. 231-252 and notes by Paul deGrandis]. Overview. Terms and Definitions Tool Overview Static Checkers Unit Testing Coverage and Profiling Memory Analysis Bug Reporting and Tracking

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Introduction to Software Testing (Paul deGrandis)

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  1. Introduction to Software Testing(Paul deGrandis) [Reading assignment: Chapter 15, pp. 231-252 and notes by Paul deGrandis]

  2. Overview • Terms and Definitions • Tool Overview • Static Checkers • Unit Testing • Coverage and Profiling • Memory Analysis • Bug Reporting and Tracking • Continuous Integration

  3. NOTE • All the material and examples from here on are generated using a single makefile. • Log into tux, then:wget http://www.pauldee.org/vandvmakefilemv vandvmakefile Makefile • Export your classpath:export CLASSPATH=`pwd`/junit/junit-4.4.jar:`pwd`/emma/emma.jar:. • To make and download all tools and examples:make

  4. Tool Overview • Verification • Static Checking • Unit Tests for code correctness • Memory and performance specifications • Validation • Unit Tests for behavior and requirements

  5. Static Checkers • Does not execute the code • Finds suspicious code or security vulnerabilities • Tools • C - SPLINT,GCC Warnings • Java - FindBugs, PMD Cyclone - a safe C GNU Compiler Collection FindBugs - Find Bugs in Java

  6. Static Checkers - C Screenshots

  7. Static Checkers - C Demo • Installation of SPLINT • Compiling using GCC Warning • Running Splint

  8. Static Checkers - C Demo • Installation of SPLINT • Download wget http://www.splint.org/downloads/splint-3.1.2.src.tgz • Untartar -xzvf splint-3.1.2.src.tgz • Make (during make, splint checks itself)cd splint-3.1.2/./configuremake

  9. Static Checkers - C Demo • Compiling using GCC Warnings • see the screenshot three slides back

  10. Static Checkers - C Demo • Running SPLINT • Simple and Basicsplint -preproc +weak +show-summary +stats ../src/*.c • Dependable Softwaresplint -preproc +checks +show-summary +stats ../src/*.c

  11. Static Checkers - Java Screenshots

  12. Static Checkers - Java Demo • Installation of FindBugs • Running FindBugs

  13. Static Checkers - Java Demo • Installation of FindBugs • Downloadwget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/findbugs/findbugs-1.2.1.tar.gz • Untartar -xvzf findbugs-1.2.1.tar.gz cd findbugs-1.2.1

  14. Static Checkers - Java Demo • Running FindBugs • Run It./findbugs

  15. Unit Tests • Validate a unit of code; smallest testable part • Executes the code in a sandboxed environment • Testing mostly for functional requirements • can also test some non-functional requirements • Many approaches and schools of thought • History Based, Risk Based, Data Path, DOE

  16. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Screenshots Check Unit Test Framework http://check.sourceforge.net

  17. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo http://check.sourceforge.net/doc/check.html/index.html • Installation of Check • Writing a Check unit test • Compiling your test(s) • Running your test(s)

  18. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Installation of Check • Downloadwget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/check/check-0.9.5.tar.gz • Untartar -xvzf check-0.9.5.tar.gz • Make (notice the GCC warnings passed)cd check-0.9.5./configuremake

  19. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Writing a Check unit test • Write your test fixtures • Write your test(s) • Write your test suite • Write your main method (execute your suite)

  20. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Writing a Check unit test • Write your test fixtures

  21. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Writing a Check unit test • Write your test(s)

  22. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Writing a Check unit test • Write your test suite

  23. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Writing a Check unit test • Write your main method (execute your suite)

  24. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Compiling your test(s) • See README in check/check-example/square

  25. Unit Tests Frameworks-C Demo • Running your test(s) • See README in check/check-example/square

  26. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Screenshots

  27. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo http://junit.sourceforge.net/ (look at the cookbook) • Installation of Junit • Writing a Junit unit test • Compiling your test(s) • Just use javac • Running your test(s) • just use java

  28. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Installation of Junit • Downloadwget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/junit/junit-4.4.jar • Add the jar to your classpathexport CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:`pwd`/junit-4.4.jar:.

  29. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Writing a Junit unit test • Write your test fixtures • Write your test(s) • Write your test suite • Write your main method (execute your suite)

  30. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Writing a Junit unit test • Write your test fixtures

  31. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Writing a Junit unit test • Write your test(s)

  32. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Writing a Junit unit test • Write your test suite(s)

  33. Unit Tests Frameworks-Java Demo • Writing a Junit unit test • Write your main method

  34. Code Coverage • Degree to how much code was tested (E.g., How confident are we in our tests and code) • Criteria: • Statement - Has each line been executed • Condition - Every evaluation (if/else, try/catch, switch, loop) • Path - Every route of code

  35. Code Coverage - C Screenshots GCC - GCOV

  36. Code Coverage - C Demo See the Screenshot one slide back

  37. Code Coverage - Java Screenshots http://emma.sourceforge.net/intro.html EMMA

  38. Code Coverage - Java Demo • Installation of Emma • Downloadwget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/emma/emma-2.0.5312-lib.zip • Unzipunzip emma-2.0.5312-lib.zip • Instrument Your Codejava -cp emma.jar:./sample:../junit/junit-4.4.jar emma instr -outdir ./sampleout -cp ./sample/ SimpleTest • Run Your Code and Generate a reportjava SimpleTestjava -cp emma.jar emma report -r html -in sampleout/coverage.em,sampleout/coverage.ec

  39. Memory Analysis • Sandboxes an application in a VM • Uses: • Memory Leak - allocate memory, but don’t free • Buffer Overflow - access memory outside of a fixed buffer • Profiling - performance analysis

  40. Memory Analysis - C Screenshots Valgrind

  41. Memory Analysis - C Demo • Installation of Valgrind • Downloadwget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/check/check-0.9.5.tar.gz • Untartar -xvjf valgrind-3.2.3.tar.bz2 • Make (notice the GCC warnings passed)cd valgrind-3.2.3./configuremake

  42. Memory Analysis - C Demo • Running of Valgrind • Compile with debugging enabledgcc -g myprog.c • Run Valgrindvalgrind --leak-check=yes myprog arg1 arg2 • Full tutorial and infoformationhttp://valgrind.org/docs/manual/quick-start.html#quick-start.intro

  43. Memory Analysis - Java Screenshots JConsole

  44. Issue and Bug Tracking • Organizes and tracks issues, enhancements, features, and bugs in a software system • Usually contains a database backend and a web frontend • Generate report of project and team metrics and productivity

  45. Issue and Bug Tracking • Trac (http://trac.edgewall.org/) • Roundup (http://roundup.sourceforge.net/) • Tracker (http://tracker.rubyforge.org/)

  46. Continuous Integration • Committing changes early and often • Building and testing at least nightly • If code breaks, revert • Integration issues discovered early as developers work with the latest code

  47. You now know … • … static checkers • … unit testing tools • … coverage and profiling tools • … memory analysis tools • … Bug reporting and tracking tools

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