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The American Revolution: Resistance, Strategies, and the Roles of Patriots and Loyalists

Chapter Six delves into the complexities of the American Revolution, highlighting the various players, including Patriots, Loyalists, and soldiers. It discusses pivotal documents like the Declaration of Independence and the impact of works such as Common Sense. Key strategies employed by Americans, including guerrilla tactics and the involvement of European powers like France and Spain, are examined. The chapter also explores the contributions of women, African Americans, and Native Americans, along with the consequences of war and the contradictions surrounding freedom and slavery.

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The American Revolution: Resistance, Strategies, and the Roles of Patriots and Loyalists

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  1. CHAPTER SIX The American Revolution

  2. RESISTANCE • Recall: • Declaration • Common Sense • Republicanism • Self-govt.

  3. PLAYERS

  4. PATRIOTS “Whigs” Americans Mortality % 350K eligible, 200K soldiers

  5. LOYALISTS 20% of Americans Fought for British, fled America Benedict Arnold

  6. SOLDIERS • Local militia • Minutemen • Professional • Continental Army

  7. SOLDIERS • 15 miles/day, 60 lbs. • Little provisions • Death • Disease instead of battle • Primitive medical care • Discipline • Whip, beat

  8. SOLDIERS Most illiterate Gambling, drinking popular Camaraderie, loyalty

  9. WOMEN • Run farms, businesses • Military camps • Wives, girlfriends • Prostitutes • Few in battle

  10. AFRICAN-AMERICANS British: recruit slaves 5K fought for Americans Arming Blacks

  11. NATIVES Most neutral Fought with British Few with Americans

  12. TALE OF THE TAPE BRITISH Military Global power Loyalists AMERICANS • “Home field” advantage • The “cause” • Leadership: Washington

  13. AMERICAN STRATEGY Protect civilians “Guerrilla” tactics Prolong war

  14. FRENCH AND SPANISH • European powers join Americans • Cautious • Naval battles • French vs. British • Instrumental in success, esp. French

  15. WAR Several stages North to south Initial British victories Americans survived

  16. The Articles of Confederation First U.S. constitution Independent states. Limited central powers

  17. INDEPENDENCE • U.S. • Independence • British troops leave • To Mississippi River • Fishing rights in N.E.

  18. Declaration of Rights • Virginia: freedoms • Important for later Const. • 1776, New Jersey: women’s suffrage • States abolished • inheritance customs

  19. African Americans and the Revolution • 50K left South • Others fought for independence • Contradictions of slavery • Northern states: abolish slavery • Emerging free African-American communities

  20. WOMEN Prominent during war New role: nurture wise, virtuous, public-spirited men

  21. NATIVES

  22. NATIVES Disaster No voice in postwar negotiations Floodgates open to white settlers

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