Optimizing Your Response to Bomb Threats and Workplace Violence

1. Ed Schlichtenmyer Business ContinuityPrograms Manager, ImpactWeather, Inc. Optimizing Your Response to Bomb Threats and Workplace Violence Ed Goldberg, DM, PE, CBCP, CBCA Director of Education Association of Contingency Planners Brought to you by ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

2. Topics Motivations Response Planning ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

3. Motivations ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

4. Behavior Continuum • Negative • Unproductive • Unsafe • Unhealthy • Disruptive • Threatening to: • Self • Others • Facilities Positive Productive Safe Stable Healthy Resilient Thinking Feeling Behaving ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

5. Individual Violence Process NEGATIVE SITUATIONS Personal, social, political, religious, etc. INTENSEFEELINGS Anger, hostility, retaliation, vengeance IDEAS “Change is not possible in peaceful way” “Violence is necessary and justified” PLANNING Weeks/Months/Years VIOLENTBEHAVIOR ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

6. Thinking Problems • Suspicions • Delusions • Off-track ideas • Easily distracted • Focus on negative • Blowing things out of proportion • Illogical conclusions • Poor decisions for work actions • Strong biases and opinions • Obsessing • Not considering alternatives or implications of actions • Poor concentration • Impaired memory • Resentful of coworkers ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

7. Negative Feelings • Intense anger • Hostile emotions • Feeling arrogant or supreme • Feeling powerless • Intense, dramatic and unstable moods • Anxiety and panic • Depression • Chronic fatigue • Jealousy • Envy • Intense guilt • Extremely stressed • Worthless • Helpless

8. Negative Behaviors • Argumentative • Refusal to cooperate with supervisors • Rage reactions • Impulsive • Insomnia • Acting like a victim and blaming others • Accidents • Manipulative • Exploiting others • Withdrawing/avoiding coworkers • Making mistakes • Not compliant with work policies • Bullying • Threatening violence • Committing violence

9. Types of Shooters • Workplace and School Shooters • Criminal Terrorists • Ideological Terrorists ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

10. Workplace and SchoolShooters • Concern is about current and specific problems; i.e., job termination, conflict with someone, financial difficulty, marital problems, bullying, etc. • Other-centered • Shooter believes the violence will “solve the current problem” • Persons or company/school assets are specifically targeted ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

11. Workplace and SchoolPlanning & Preparatory Acts • Specific relationship with person(s) at the target site • Brief planning with limited detail; often only approach plan, weapons and ammunition • Variation in type of weapons and expertise ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

12. Criminal Terrorists,No Major Ideological Issue • Hostilereactionto some frustration, loss or damage to ego • Self-centered • Desire for vengeance “justifies violence” • Seeks psychologicalrewardthrough terrorism • Thrilled by power of firearms, bombs, killing and chaos ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

13. Criminal Terrorists (Cont.),No Major Ideological Issue • Use soft and opportunistic targets—malls, theaters, retail stores, office buildings, health clubs, etc. • Lack discipline and training of the ideological terrorist, but more expert weapons use • Lack of specific goals results in mass murder and often suicide or death by law enforcement ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

14. Criminal TerroristsPlanning & Preparation • Extra ammunition carried • Shooter often exhibits cold, calm and expressionless appearance • Mental rehearsals and practice firing prepare shooter • Avoidance and escape plans almost non-existent ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

15. Ideological Terrorists Use violent acts intended to create populationfear(terror) Perpetrated for an ideologicalgoal, as opposed to a lone attack, for a specific contemporary issue They deliberatelytargetor disregard the safety of non-combatants Cause-oriented ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

16. Ideological Terrorists (Cont.) • Narrowly focused • Highly motivated & dedicated to a cause • Acts based on or driven by political, economic, social, geographic or religious elements • Do not believe change can occur in a peaceful way; therefore “violence is justified” • Includes radical environmentalists, racists, separatists, political groups and violent jihadists ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

17. Ideological TerroristsPlanning & Preparation • Determine maximum ROI (terror/impact per event vs. total cost/effort of the act) • Target selection • Surveillance & Intelligence gathering • Fundraising • Weapons purchased or stolen • Bomb manufacturing ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

18. Connect the Dots • Violent behavior or potential is rarely newfor perpetrators • Usually patterns of negative thinking, feeling and/or behavior are part of the history • Triggers intensify the negative elements • Planning for violent reaction usually takes place over some time • During this time, signals,flagsand sometimes threats existbut are rarely seen as serious or are not reported ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

19. Response Planning ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

20. Risk Assessment & Violence Prevention are Possible • Promote policies and train for monitoring potential risk • Set environment for confidential employee information sharing • Document even minor incidents of conflict, threat or harassment • Don’t wait to investigate • Plan and manage layoffs, terminations, sensitive evaluations, etc. • Involve multi-disciplinary team ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

21. Problematic Conduct for Reporting & Intervention • History of threats or violence – employment or criminal • Using power to control others or as response to stress • Bullying, outbursts, excessive anger • Verbal abuse or harassment by any means or medium • Holding grudges, inability handling criticism • Making excuses, blaming others ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

22. Problematic Conduct for Reporting & Intervention • Complaints of persecution or injustice • Victim mindset • Obsessive intrusion upon others • Erratic, impulsive or bizarre behavior generating fear among co-workers • Homicidal or suicidal thoughts or ideas • Severe emotional distress • Impulsivity and/or low tolerance for frustration ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

23. Problematic Conduct for Reporting & Intervention • Fascination with weapons • Preoccupied with violence themes of revenge or recent violent events, if discussion creates discomfort or fear in co-workers • Any behavior or collection of behaviors that instill fear or concern that the person may act out violently ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

24. Motivations Summary • Risk of violence from many different types of persons. “Profiles” are not helpful and may be dangerous. • Knowledge of individual’s Thinking-Feeling-Behaving patterns and possible potential reactions to negative events is critical to prevention. • Mental illness sometimes contributes but is not a major risk driver. • Effective risk assessment and violence prevention requires “all hands on deck,” i.e., security, workers, supervisors, HR, family and friends. ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

25. Recommendations & Analysis for Risk Mitigation* *NYPD January 2010 • 281 active shooter incidents from 1966 to 2010 (237 in U.S.) • Significant variations among shooters and attack elements • 96% male shooters • Non-school shooters modal age group: 35 to 44 years old • 98% carried out by a single attacker • Planning tactics range from very little to extensive • Average number of deaths is 3 • Average number of wounded is 3.6 • Location of attacks: • 29% school • 23% open commercial • 22% “other” • 13% office building • 13% factory/warehouse ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

26. The Reality of Bombs • Bombings are very rare – only 65 incidents in past 3 years with actual explosive device placed in a school • To respond properly and consistently: create a bomb threat response plan • Even though bomb threats are frightening, remain calm and professional and stick to protocol • #1 priority is safety of personnel ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

27. Prevention • To combat threats- implement a two-part prevention initiative: • Improve the physical security of the facility • Improve relations among all personnel Create an environment in which personnel feels comfortable and safe coming forward with information ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

28. Suspicious Items • Items can be hand-delivered or mailed • Suspicious Items • Be alert for suspicious items • If an item is suspicious: • DO NOT TOUCH IT • Secure the Area • Notify the Crisis Manager on Duty ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

29. Suspicious Items • Things to look for and document: • Foreign postmark, airmail or special delivery markings • Postage irregularities, including excessive postage, no postage or unusual stamps • Return address irregularities, including no return address, a return address that does not match the postmark or a return address that is not familiar to the person the package is addressed to • Delivery address irregularities, including a title with no name, the wrong title with a name • Badly typed or poorly written addresses • Misspelled words • Restrictive markings or special handling instructions, such as "Personal," "Confidential," "Special Delivery," "Open By Addressee Only" ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

30. Suspicious Items • Suspicious package indicators (continued) • Visual distractions on the package such as drawings, statements or handmade postage • A rigid or bulky envelope • An oddly shaped, unevenly-weighted, lopsided or lumpy package • A strange odor coming from the package • Oily stains or discoloration on the package • Protruding wires or tinfoil • Over-wrapping with excessive securing material such as tape or string • A package that is not expected by the addressee • A package left by unknown person ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

31. Response • Establish and train an incident management team • Responsible for determining and coordinating the response to each threat, including interfacing emergency services • Establish and maintain a communications plan • Needs to be easily activated and adaptable to various situations • Document threat decision tree • Addresses threat assessment and associated actions: search, evacuate, etc. ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

32. Coordination with Emergency Services • Each situation will have its own set of interactions • Shooter • Bomb Threat • Explosion/Fire • Ideally, your Incident Management Team has exercised and drilled with local agencies ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

33. Communication Methods • Invest in a communication system that provides • Multiple devices • Escalation to multiple devices • Pre-developed messaging • Pre-assigned and dynamic recipient grouping • Personnel accountability • Rehearse and practice various messaging methods

34. Threat Assessment • Actions taken depend on the threat at hand • Shooter: run, hide, fight like hell • Bomb Threat: search, evacuate • Your planning process needs to thoroughly discuss the ramifications of each action ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

35. Searching • Utilize established communication method/code • Search own area • Search common areas Authorities do not know what belongs and what doesn’t. ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

36. Evacuation • Utilize established communication method/code • All staff should be practiced with evacuation procedures • Ensure accountability • Sweep Floors • Staffed Rally Points ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

37. Follow-Up • Cooperate with the investigation • Encourage personnel to cooperate with the investigation • Provide support services for personnel following an incident • The Incident Management Team should debrief after every threat response to improve its procedures ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

38. Summary • Profiling to prevent threats at the workplace is not effective: open communication is • Engage all departments in risk assessment, prevention and response to workplace violence • Training, Awareness and Planning improve everyone’s chances of survival • Ensure communication before, during and after an incident ACP Proprietary (Internal Use Only) Not for use or disclosure outside the ACP Corporation except under written agreement

39. Hurricane Seminar Graphic

40. Worldwide weather forecasting and notification 24/7 • Seasonal outlook forecasting • Severe terrestrial weather monitoring and automated notification • Offshore/marine forecasting year-round • Customized weather websites • Direct consultation with a meteorologist • Business Continuity, Employee Resiliency and Response Plan Consulting Webinar Questions: eschlich@impactweather.com More information(877) 792-3220 ready@impactweather.com