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The Presidency

The Presidency. Chapter 8. White House in Pink. White House Facts. There are 132 rooms, 32 bathrooms, and 6 levels to accommodate all the people who live in, work in, and visit the White House. There are also 412 doors, 147 windows, 28 fireplaces, 7 staircases, and 3 elevators.

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The Presidency

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  1. The Presidency Chapter 8

  2. White House in Pink

  3. White HouseFacts • There are 132 rooms, 32 bathrooms, and 6 levels to accommodate all the people who live in, work in, and visit the White House. There are also 412 doors, 147 windows, 28 fireplaces, 7 staircases, and 3 elevators. • Receives approximately 6,000 visitors a day. White House Weddings: • Lucy Johnson (Aug. 6,1966) • Lynda Bird Johnson (Dec. 9, 1967) • Tricia Nixon (June 12, 1977)

  4. Who has served as president of the United States?

  5. What is the role of the President?

  6. Qualificationsfor U.S President 1.Natural Born Citizen 2. At least 35 years old. 3. Resident of the US for at least 14 years before taking office. Pre. Clinton (D) Pre. Kennedy (D) Pre. Nixon (R)

  7. Term and Salary • George Washington set precedent by serving 2 terms/ 4 yrs each. • 22nd Amendment- secured the traditional presidential limits of 2 terms after FDR. • Impeachment: “Treason, bribery, High Crimes and Misdemeanors” -House votes to impeach/ Senate acts as Court and charges the official (Andrew Johnson/ Bill Clinton –none were removed) • Salary and compensation is not set by the Const. but Congress. • In 2001, Congress set the salary to $400,000. • Free Medical Insurance/ White House/Air Force One… etc • Retirement: Lifetime pension of $148,400 yr. • If the President die, the spouse is eligible for a pension of $20,000 a yr.

  8. Presidential Succession • 8 Presidents have died in office. • The Succession Act of 1947 set the principles for Presidential Succession • However, the 25th Amendment (1967) legally established the order of presidential succession.

  9. 7.1 TABLE 7.2: What is the presidential line of succession?

  10. Vice-President • Serves as political figure 1.Preside over Senate/ breaks tie 2. Help decide whether the president is disabled and acts as president during that time with the Congress consent. • 14 VP have become presidents. • Can express opinions and advice the president • Can represent the president in meetings with important cabinet members. Biden Cheney

  11. Vice-President • 8 vice presidents ascended to the presidency after their predecessor's death • 3 vice presidents have been elected once, and then defeated in reelection: John Adams, Martin Van Buren, and George H.W. Bush. • Only 2 vice presidents have ever been elected and reelected: Thomas Jefferson and Richard Nixon (between these two, only Jefferson served two full terms). • Richard Nixon is the only one on this list who was not serving as vice president when he was elected. • Gerald Ford was the only vice president who became president by ascension, secured his party's renomination, and then lost in the general election.

  12. How Many Presidents Have Been Assassinated? • Abraham Lincoln - was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a confederate sympathizer • James Garfield - was assassinated by Charles Guiteau, who was upset he was turned down a job in the government • William McKinley - was assassinated by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist • John F. Kennedy - was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald, but there are many conspiracy theories as to why he was shot

  13. What Other Assassination Attempts Have There Been? • Andrew Jackson – someone tried to shoot two pistols, but both jammed (125,000 to 1 chance) • Teddy Roosevelt – bullet was stopped by a 50 page speech folded over twice and a metal glasses case • Richard Nixon – tried to fly a commercial airliner into the White House • Ronald Reagan – survived, but White House Press secretary was permanently disabled; John Hinkley was declared insane and still resides in an asylum today • Bill Clinton – shot a semi-automatic rifle at the White House from behind the fence

  14. Powers of the President • Commander in Chief of the armed forces. • Appointment Power • State of the union • Make Treaties • Veto Power • Pardoning Power- can exercise complete pardon EXCEPT impeachment. • Pre. Ford pardoned Richard Nixon • Pres. Carter pardoned about 10,000 men when fled the U.S. to avoid being drafted for military service in the Vietnam War. Sec. 1 President and Vice President

  15. Powers of the President • Diplomatic power • Make treaties with foreign countries with the advise and consent of the Senate (formal) • 2/3 of Senate must approve a treaty, a president’s signature is not enough to make it binding • Executive agreements have been used to avoid Senate approval (Informal power) • Agreement between heads of state • Does not require senate approval Power of diplomatic recognition • Formal power to recognize foreign governments • Powerful statement on the legitimacy of governments • Did not recognize USSR or People’s Republic of China for 20 years (Communist regimes)

  16. WAR POWERS • After the Vietnam War (Lyndon Johnson/ Richard Nixon) • War Power- limit the president’s authority to introduce American troops into hostile foreign lands without congressional approval. • President Nixon vetoed the act but was passed by two-thirds of Congress. • War Powers Resolution • Goal: Limit the power of the President over war making • President must notify Congress within 48 hours of sending troops into combat • Conflicts are limited to 60 days unless Congress takes action • Congress can extend time from the initial 60 days or can withdraw troops after 60 days

  17. The Cabinet • Should have experience in the field • Woman and minority groups are part of the cabinet • College graduates • Party affiliation • President’s family/ friends • Make around $161,200 yr

  18. Nominations and Confirmation The process begins before Inauguration Day. President makes a list of candidates, and consults w/ congressional leaders, campaign advisers, and representatives of interest groups. Before making a decision, the president’s team may leak, to gain the electorate and media attention. Senate holds confirmation hearings and confirms

  19. Role of the Cabinet Responsible for their department Serve as advisory body for the President. Meet few times a month. Take place in the Cabinet room in the White House “Inner Cabinet”- Have a great influence on the President. They are the secretaries of state, defense, treasury, and attorney general.

  20. President Obama’s Cabinet

  21. The Executive Office The Executive Office of the President (EOP)- consist of individuals and agencies that directly work w/ the President. (Created by FDR in 1939.) • Consist of the White House, agencies (attorneys, scientists, professional personnel) that work in the west wing of the White House.

  22. Office of Management and Budget: • Largest agency of the EOP • Prepares national budget that President presents to Congress each year. • Indicate how much each program proposed by the gov. cost and how much they are spending or will spend. • Also, reviews all “central clearance”- reviews all legislative proposals executive agencies prepare. National Security Council: • Help coordinate military and foreign policy. • Assistant are called National Security Advisers

  23. The Beast

  24. President’s Popularity • President’s popularity is associated with policy proposals approved by Congress • The more popular the pres, the higher # of his bills Congress will pass • President popularity is highest right after an election (honeymoon period of public and Congressional approval) • “first hundred days” – most important • Popularity tends to decline at the end of term – “lame duck” period - president gets nothing done, just waiting to leave office • Why does a President’s popularity decrease? • Presidential scandals (Watergate, Clinton) • Expectations Gap • Bad economic conditions • Foreign policy problems (war goes badly over prolonged period) • Decline of popularity over term (lame duck period) • Why does a President’s popularity increase? • Media spin/ administrative use of the media • Good economic conditions • Crises or war (rally around the flag, foreign policy success) • Reelection (campaign effect)

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