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SPACE MEDICINE

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SPACE MEDICINE

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    1. SPACE MEDICINE Zuhair S Allebban

    3. So far people in space are: highly specialized, dedicated "astronauts," in the 21st century, common citizens will be able to travel and sight-see or to live in space. We must solve so many problems before space can become a safe, habitable place. The powerful tool which will establish the countermeasures to overcome the physiological effects in space, and that is "Space Medicine." ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??: - ???? ?????? ??????? - ?? ????? 21 ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? .

    4. Physiological Changes in Space The physiological changes in the adaptive process to space mainly involve: Effects on cardiovascular system Effects on bone 3. Effects on muscle 4. Space motion sickness 5. Effects on hematologic and immunologic system 6. Effects of space radiation 7. Effects of isolated environment on psychological aspects ????????? ???????? ?? ??????. 1- ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? . 2- ??????? ??? ?????? 3- ??????? ??? ??????? . 4- ????? . 5- ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????????. 6-????? ????????? . 7- ?????? ??????.

    6. Effects on cardiovascular system Fluid shift and the change of body mass caused by spaceflight

    9. Bone: Healthy vs Osteoporosis

    10. Effects on Bones 7Up, a PepsiCo company, has printed this medical periodical to aid in the treatment of Osteopepsiosis. Osteopepsiosis is a bone malady associated with women drinking too much cola and the deformation of the spine.

    11. Effects on Bones-Continued 3.2% of average bone loss occurred after nearly 10 days of weightlessness. The loss of calcium in urine may produce urinary stone which might cause severe pain Decrease of bone density will lead to bone fracture. Muscles rapidly atrophy ????? 3.2% ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? . - ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? . - ????? ??? ?????. - ???? ??????? .

    12. Space Motion Sickness A few minutes or a few hours after entering weightlessness, Space motion sickness headaches, malaise, nausea and eventually vomiting. 60-70% of the astronauts experience these symptoms Promethazine hydrochloride ??????? ???????.

    13. Effects on Hematologic and Immunologic System Significant alterations in the hematologic and immunologic system in microgravity: 1. Some erythrocytes transform from biconcave discoid shape to spheroid 2. Anemia characterized by a decrease in the number of RBC (about 15%) is observed within four days of spaceflight. 3. Decrease erythropoietin level 4. Reduce lymphocyte activities ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ???? . ??? ?? ????? (Epo). ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? .

    14. On Earth

    15. Effects of space radiation

    16. Effects of Space Radiation-Cont Space radiation exists in the space environment. On the Earth, the atmosphere and magnetic field provide a shield for humans, and prevent space radiation from penetrating to the Earth's surface. Astronauts are subject to greater amounts of space radiation than they would receive on the Earth. ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????.

    17. Applications 1. health care of passenger plane pilots, who also affected by space radiation 2. the research for utilizing and shielding radiation sources in high-energy radiation facilities. ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????. ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????.

    18. Effects of isolated environment on psychological aspects

    19. Severe psychological stress on international crew members. Work according to a tight schedule in a monotonous room for several months No free break back to Earth getting along with other crew members of different cultural backgrounds. ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????.

    20. Space walk (Extravehicular Activity-EVA) Extravehicular activity is one of the most exciting events for everyone, including the astronauts themselves. The Extravehicular Space Suit Mobility Unit (EMU) enables the astronauts to perform the EVA for six to seven hours with safety in the extremely perilous environment of space. The EMU is filled with 100% oxygen at 0.29atm. ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? 6-7 ????? . ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? .

    21. Spinoffs Unlike the terrestrial medicine with which doctors diagnose and treat patients, space medicine deals with specially selected healthy persons and overcoming the adverse effects anticipated in space. ??? ??????? ???????? - ???? ????? ???? - ???? ????? ??????? ??????

    22. Blood Analyzer

    23. Vision Therapy Vision centers use the Accommotrac System, a device to help sufferers from myopia (near-sightedness) and hyperopia (far-sightedness) who cannot properly focus their eyes to use the ciliary body, a muscle to control the thickness of the eye lens, without wearing glasses. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????.

    24. Food Service System

    25. Other devices

    26. Spinoff-Continued There are also space medicine technologies that have potential for practical use in: curing osteoporosis curing muscle atrophy diseases rehabilitating program for patients of cerebral infarction and cardiac insufficiency ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? : - ???? ?????? . - ???? ??????? . - ?????? ?????? ???????.

    27. Conclusions Space medical research: 1. Maintain a good quality of life for the astronauts in space. 2. Helps improve the quality of medicine on Earth, such as the discovery of several medical devices: Digital imaging breast biopsy system breast cancer detection, laser angioplasty ultrasound skin damage assessment programmable pacemaker automated urinalysis Medical gas analyzer voice-controlled wheelchair arteriosclerosis detection ultrasound scanners automatic insulin pump others

    30. Spinoff-Continued

    35. Conclusions Space medical research: Maintain a good quality of life for the astronauts in space helps improve the quality of medicine on Earth, such as the discovery of several medical devices: Digital imaging breast biopsy system, breast cancer detection, laser angioplasty, ultrasound skin damage assessment, programmable pacemaker, automated urinalysis, Medical gas analyzer, voice-controlled wheelchair, arteriosclerosis detection, ultrasound scanners, automatic insulin pump.etc

    36. portable x-ray device, invisible braces, dental arch wire, palate surgery technology, clean room apparel, implantable heart aid, MRI, bone analyzer, and cataract surgery tools.

    51. The Quran which was revealed fourteen centuries ago to Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) states: Whomsoever Allah desires to guide, He expands his chest to Islam; whomsoever He desires to lead astray, He makes his chest narrow, tight, as if he were climbing up to the sky. (6:125) {????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????} (???????:125)

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