1 / 21

Fluid & haemodynamic disorders

Fluid & haemodynamic disorders. Ischemia & Infarction DR SHASHIDHAR. ISCHAEMIA. Deficient blood supply to part of a tissue Complete Partial ETIOLOGY Cardiac Arterial Venous. Cardiac causes. Heart block Ventricular arrest Fibrillation. Arterial causes.

hollingsworthk
Télécharger la présentation

Fluid & haemodynamic disorders

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fluid & haemodynamic disorders Ischemia & Infarction DR SHASHIDHAR

  2. ISCHAEMIA • Deficient blood supply to part of a tissue • Complete • Partial • ETIOLOGY • Cardiac • Arterial • Venous

  3. Cardiac causes • Heart block • Ventricular arrest • Fibrillation

  4. Arterial causes • Thrombosis, embolism • Vasospasm • Arteriosclerosis • Ligature • Torsion • Hypothermia • TAO • Torniquet • Tight bandage

  5. Venous causes • Mesentric vein thrombosis • Cavernous sinus thrombosis • Varicose veins of legs • Strangulated hernia • Intussusception

  6. Factors determining severity • Anatomic pattern of blood supply • General & CV status • Rapidity • Degree of occlusion

  7. Effects result from • Hypoxia • Inadequacy of nutrients • Inadequate clearance of metabolism and thus accumulation

  8. Effects are • Not adequate to withstand exertion  angina intermittent claudication • Cellular changes  cloudy swelling, fatty change, atrophy replacement fibrosis • Sudden death  cardiac/ cerebral

  9. INFARCTION • Process of localised area of tissue necrosis resulting from circulatory insufficiency • It is the result of ischemia • Causes: Arterial Lumen: Thrombus / Embolus wall: vasospasm, atheromatous plq, TAO compression : Tumor Venous :Lumen -Thrombus/ Embolus compression- Tumor

  10. Factors – outcome • Type of vascular supply Dual – Lung, liver , forearm End-arterial – Kidney , spleen • Rate of occlusion – slow : unlikely • Vulnerability : neurons> myocardial cells • Oxygen content: anemia or cyanosis

  11. CLASSIFICATION : • Colour: pale / red • Age: recent / old • Infection: bland / septic

  12. White / pale • Arterial • Solid Organs • End – Arterial Red/ Hemorrhagic • Venous • Loose textured tissue . Eg lung • Dual supply

  13. Morphology • White infarcts: heart , kidney , spleen wedge shaped margins – well defined pale color • Red / hemorrhagic infarct : Dual : Lung, liver collateral : small intestine, brain margines- sharp , red to purple

  14. INFARCTION wedge shaped

  15. Old infarct : fibrosed, shrunken

  16. Morphology • Microscopy : • coagulative necrosis of affected part {cerebral : liquefacive} • Hemorrhage • Peripheral inflammation, initially neutrophils, subsequently macrophages and fibroblasts • Necrotic area replaced by fibrous scar tissue dystophic calcification

  17. In cerebral : liquefactive necrosis  gliosis • Microglial cells distended by fatty material = called gitter cells

  18. Thank you

More Related