Practical Training for Referees, Assistant Referees and Teamwork

1. Practical Training for Referees, Assistant Referees and Teamwork

2. Topics • Referee (R) skills • Assistant Referee (AR) skills • Offside • Teamwork Ball movement Player movement Referee / Assistant Referee movement

3. Exercise 1 Referee Skills - Signals Aim: R and AR to signal for different situations (goal kick, corner kick, throw-in, free kick, penalty kick) R to show yellow or red card when appropriate Participants: 3-5 attackers, 3-5 defenders 1 R, 1 AR Procedure: Attackers and defenders play near the penalty area and create situations where the R and/or AR have to signal the next action (goal kick, corner kick, throw-in, free kick, penalty kick) The R to show the yellow/red card correctly Players should be informed, in advance, what to do AR to signal for goal kick, corner kick, throw-in, free kick with the appropriate hand

4. Exercise 1Referee Signals

5. Exercise 2Referee Skills Aim: R to develop speed of reaction and concentration Participants: 5 attackers, 5 defenders 1 R 2 ARs may be added when 2 or more balls are used Procedure: Players pass the ball clockwise and try to surprise the R by bouncing the ball (foul). The R must identify the player who bounced the ball, whistle the foul and show the direction of the free kick The second time that the same player bounces the ball, the R must show him a yellow card and the third time a red card We can add difficulty by playing 2-3 balls at the same time

6. Exercise 2Referee Skills

7. Exercise 2 (without players)Referee Skills Aim: R to develop speed of reaction and concentration Participants: 8-12 referees divided into 2 teams in distinct colours (acting as players) 1 R 2 ARs may be added when 2 or more balls are used Procedure: Players pass the ball clockwise and try to surprise the R by bouncing the ball (foul). The R must identify the player who bounced the ball, whistle the foul and show the direction of the free kick The second time that the same player bounces the ball, the R must show him a yellow card and the third time a red card We can add difficulty by playing 2-3 balls at the same time Participants take it in turn to be players, R or AR

8. Exercise 2b (without players) Referee Skills

9. Exercise 3Referee Skills Aim: R to develop speed of reaction and concentration Participants: 4-8 attackers and 4-8 defenders 1 R 1 AR may be added to assist the R Procedure: Each team starts with a ball. Players kick the ball to their team mates. If the pass is not executed correctly, the R calls a foul against that team. Players can try to surprise the R by kicking the ball in his direction. The R must try to avoid being hit by the ball and if hit, identify the player who kicked the ball at him and show a yellow card. The second time that the same player kicks the ball and hits the R he is shown a red card To add difficulty, 2 or more balls may be used An AR may be used to assist the referee

10. Exercise 3Referee Skills

11. Exercise 4Referee Skills Aim: • To increase R’s awareness of the movement/actions of players inside the penalty area Participants: • 5 attackers, 5 defenders • 1 R Procedure: • Players move within a confined space • One player at a time commits an offence against an opponent inside the penalty area. R must identify the player who committed the infringement, signal the correct restart of play and apply the appropriate disciplinary sanction • The level of difficulty may be increased with the use of concealed offences

12. Exercise 4Referee Skills

13. Exercise 5Referee Skills Aim: To increase R’s awareness of the movement/actions of players inside/outside the penalty area Participants: 5 attackers, 5 defenders 1 R Procedure: Players move within a confined area on the edge of the penalty area One player at a time commits an offence against an opponent inside/outside the penalty area. R must identify the player who committed the infringement, signal the correct restart of play and apply the appropriate disciplinary sanction

14. Exercise 5Referee Skills

15. Exercise 5b (without players)Referee Skills Aim: To increase R’s awareness of the movement/actions of participants inside/outside the penalty area Participants: 4 attackers, 4 defenders 1 R Procedure: Each player is given a tag to wear on his back Players move within a marked area on the edge of the penalty area One player at a time removes the tag of an opponent inside/outside the penalty area R must identify the player who committed the infringement, signal the correct restart of play and apply the appropriate disciplinary sanction To increase the level of difficulty the tag may be placed in other parts of the body, for example: inside waistband of shorts, under armpit

16. Exercise 5b (without players)Referee Skills

17. Exercise 6Referee Skills - Positioning Aim: To develop R’s movement / positioning about the field of play Participants: 10 players (2 teams of 5) 1 R, 2 ARs Procedure: The two teams take up position at either end of the field of play in a line evenly spaced out R is positioned near the edge of the penalty area on his diagonal and must keep play between himself and one of his ARs One team pass the ball by hand from one player to another in sequence as they move up the field of play at walking pace Teams change at the end of each practice The exercise is repeated with the players moving a little more quickly as they pass the ball by foot Finally, under match-like conditions, the players pass the ball to any player in any direction

18. Exercise 6Referee Skills - Positioning

19. Exercise 7Referee Skills - Positioning at free kicks Aim: Management of the 9.15m Participants: 6 attackers, 5 defenders, 1 goalkeeper 1 R, 1 AR Procedure: Attackers and defenders play near the edge of the penalty area Offences are committed by the defending team just outside the penalty area. The R to manage the 9.15m and then take up the correct position to check for encroachment and fouls

20. Exercise 7 Referee Skills - Positioning at free kicks

21. Exercise 7Referee Skills -1 v 1 Situations Aim: To recognise fair/unfair challenges by the goalkeeper inside/outside the penalty area in 1 v 1 situations Participants: 6 attackers, 1 goalkeeper 1 R, 1 AR Procedure: Attackers are positioned in pairs in 3 different starting positions outside the penalty area One attacker at a time dribbles the ball towards the goal Attacker and goalkeeper meet about 10 metres from the goal R must decide if the challenge is fair/unfair and apply the appropriate disciplinary sanction The exercise can be repeated with the players meeting close to the edge of the penalty area The exercise can be made more difficult by having one attacker pass the ball towards the goal for his colleague to contest with the oncoming goalkeeper

22. Exercise 8Referee Skills -1 v 1 Situations

23. Exercise 9AR Skills - Flag Signals Aim: AR to signal different situations (throw-in, goal kick, corner kick, free kick) Participants: 1 attacker, 1 defender 1 AR Procedure: Attacker and defender move towards the corner flag with the ball and either commit a foul or the ball passes out of play for a throw-in / goal kick / corner kick Players are given instruction in advance as to what to do AR should signal for throw-in, goal kick, corner kick or free kick with the appropriate hand

24. Exercise 9AR Skills - Flag Signals

25. Exercise 9bAR Skills - Flag Signals Aim: AR to signal different situations (throw-in, goal kick, corner kick, free kick) Participants: 3 attackers, 3 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attacker and defender move with the ball near the corner flag and commit a foul, throw in, goal kick or corner kick Players must be told in advance what to do AR should signal for free kick, throw in, goal kick or corner kick with the appropriate hand

26. Exercise 9bAR Skills - Flag Signals

27. Exercise 10AR Skills - Running Techniques Aim: AR to develop running technique Participants: 5 players from the same team 1 AR Procedure: AR runs along the touchline following the ball looking infield at all times Players pass the ball from one to another with either short or long passes AR runs sideways if there is a short pass or makes a sprint forward if there is a long pass AR to hold the flag with the hand near the field of play at all times

28. Exercise 10AR Skills - Running Techniques

29. Exercise 11AR Skills - Running Techniques Aim: ARs to develop running techniques and concentration Participants: 1 AR Procedure: AR to change his/her running technique from cone to cone along the touchline, based on the instructions from the instructor eg: # 1 or white - walking, # 2 or blue - jogging, # 3 or green - sideways, #4 or red - sprinting

30. Exercise 11 AR Skills - Running Techniques

31. Exercise 12AR Skills - Throw-in Aim: AR to decide the direction of a throw in Participants: 5 attackers, 5 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attackers and defenders are in pairs near the touchline with a ball One of them kicks the ball off the field of play AR to decide the direction Each pair kicks the ball immediately after one another To make the exercise more difficult, another player or instructor can be added to block the AR’s view

32. Exercise 12AR Skills - Throw-in

33. Exercise 13AR Skills - Goal kick or corner kick Aim: AR to decide corner kick or goal kick Participants: 5 attackers, 5 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attackers and defenders are positioned in pairs with a ball near the goal line One player kicks the ball off the field of play AR to decide corner kick or goal kick Pairs kick the ball immediately after one another Another player or instructor can be placed between AR and players to make the exercise more difficult

34. Exercise 13AR Skills - Goal kick or corner kick

35. Exercise 14Offside Aim: AR to recognise if an attacker is in an offside position at the moment the ball is played by a colleague Participants: 5 attackers, 1 defender, 1 kicker 1 AR Procedure: Defender is static and the attackers take it in turn to run towards the opponent’s goal line Kicker plays the ball at the moment the players (attacker & defender) pass one another

36. Exercise 14Offside

37. Exercise 15Offside Aim: • AR to recognise if an attacker is in an offside position at the moment the ball is played by a colleague Participants: • 5 attackers, 5 defenders, 1 kicker • 1 AR Procedure: • 1 defender moves towards 1 attacker running in the opposite direction towards the opponent’s goal line • Kicker plays the ball at the moment the players (attacker & defender) pass one another • After each practice, the attacker become a defender and vice versa

38. Exercise 15Offside

39. Exercise 15Offside Aim: AR to recognise if the attacker is offside when the ball is kicked by his team-mate Participants: 2 groups of 4 people( 1 attacker, 1 defender, 1 kicker, 1 AR) Procedure: 1 defender runs towards midfield and 1 attacker runs towards the opponent’s goal line Kicker plays the ball at the moment the players (attacker & defender) pass one another Attackers become defenders, defenders become kickers, kickers become ARs and ARs become attackers

40. Exercise 15bOffside

41. Exercise 16Offside Aim: • AR to recognise if an attacker is in an offside position at the moment the ball is played by a colleague Participants: • 3 attackers, 3 defenders, 1 kicker • 1 AR Procedure: • Kicker passes the ball to a colleague inside the penalty area • Attackers and defenders simulate a match situation

42. Exercise 16Offside

43. Exercise 17Offside Aim: AR to recognise if the attacker is in an offside position while running among defenders Participants: 4 attackers, 4 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attackers play “1-2” (wall pass) / defenders remain stationary Attackers can become defenders and vice versa Exercise can be made more difficult if the defenders move towards attackers ARs can be changed after each repetition

44. Exercise 17Offside

45. Exercise 18Offside Aim: AR to recognise if the attacker is in an offside position while running among defenders Participants: 3 attackers, 3 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attackers run between the defenders who are in a static position Defenders and attackers change positions after a period of one minute 2 ARs can be used at the same time

46. Exercise 18 Offside

47. Exercise 19Offside Aim: AR to recognise if the attacker is offside at the moment the ball is played by his team-mate Participants: 3 attackers, 3 defenders 1 AR Procedure: Attacker kicks the ball forward, while the other two attackers run towards the defenders who are in a static position To increase the degree of difficulty, defenders can move forwards or backwards

48. Exercise 19Offside

49. Exercise 20Team Work Aim: R and/or AR to recognise if a foul is committed by the defender or attacker, inside or outside the penalty area Participants: 1 attacker, 1 defender 1 R, 1 AR Procedure: 1 attacker and 1 defender run towards the penalty area committing or simulating fouls R and/or AR must decide foul, penalty, simulation

50. Exercise 20Team Work