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Exploring Unix and Linux: History, Installation, and Commands

Dive into the origins, distributions, and advantages of Unix and Linux. Learn basic commands and installation methods using tools like VM Player and Ubuntu. Discover the GNU Project's impact and explore popular Linux distributions. Enhance your understanding of shells, kernels, and the open-source nature of these operating systems. Join the journey to unlock the power of Unix and Linux!

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Exploring Unix and Linux: History, Installation, and Commands

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  1. POS/420 Introduction to Unix Philip Robbins – March 12, 2013 (Week 1) University of Phoenix Mililani Campus

  2. Agenda: Week 1 • Introductions • Review Syllabus • Week 1 • History of Unix, Linux, and GNU • UNIX / Linux Distributions • Download & Install VM Player & Ubuntu Linux • Watch video on Linux (1h 20m) • Run Ubuntu • Learn some basic commands within Terminal • Quiz #1

  3. What is Unix • Developed by Ken Thompson • Bell Labs (AT&T) in 1969 and released in 1971. • Operating System initially written in assembly then in C.

  4. The GNU Project • 1983, Richard Stallman @ MIT • Freeware Collaboration project • To give computer users freedom and control • Develop and distribute software with the following rights: • Users are free to run the software • Share it (copy & distribute) • Modify it

  5. The GNU Project • http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html

  6. The GNU Project

  7. What is Linux • Linux is an Operating System (OS) just like Windows and MAC OS. • Linux Kernel designed by Linus Torvalds • Linux is open source and free (GNU 1992) • Approximately 60% of servers use Linux.

  8. What is Unix / Linux • OS used on top 500 Supercomputers

  9. Evolution of Unix

  10. Tux

  11. The Top 10 Linux Distributions (2012) • Linux Mint • Mageia • Ubuntu • Fedora • openSUSE • Debian • Arch Linux • PCLinuxOS • Zorin OS • CentOS

  12. Linux Mint

  13. Mageia

  14. Ubuntu

  15. Fedora

  16. openSUSE

  17. Debian

  18. Arch Linux

  19. PCLinuxOS

  20. Zorin OS

  21. CentOS

  22. Advantages of Linux • No constant rebooting • Start/stop services without interrupting others • Portable • Flexible • Downloadable Applications • Settings aren’t hidden in code or registries • Open Source • Distribution Freedom

  23. Advantages of Linux • Linux Server

  24. What is a shell?

  25. What is a shell?

  26. What is a shell?

  27. What is a shell?

  28. What is a shell?

  29. What is a kernel? • Central component to most Operating Systems • In charge of all access to computer resources • Standard interface to system hardware • Implements multitasking for processes continuously competing for system resources (enforcing isolation).

  30. Let’s Install Linux! • Work in Teams & help each other! • Download Ubuntu 12.10 • http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop • Ways to install: • .ISO file (Burn to DVD) • Live CD • Bootable USB • Dual Boot • Binaries • Virtual Machine (VM)

  31. Install VM Player • Download VMware Player • http://www.dorkatron.com/docs/POS420/1%20-%20SOFTWARE%20-%20VMware-player-5.0.1-894247.exe

  32. Run Ubuntu VM • Download & Extract “VM.rar” • http://www.dorkatron.com/docs/POS420/1%20-%20SOFTWARE%20-%20VM.rar • Download winrar • Run “POS420VM.vmx”

  33. Break • Let’s take a break… RETURN @ 800PM

  34. Run Ubuntu VM • Login to Ubuntu 12.10 • Username: student • Password: 3

  35. Search for Terminal

  36. Run Terminal (Use F11 for fullscreen)

  37. man man

  38. man ls

  39. List directory contents • List the directory contents for student account.

  40. List directory contents • List the directory contents for student account.

  41. man pwd

  42. Print Working Directory • pwd for student account.

  43. man passwd

  44. Change your password • Change password for student to “password”.

  45. man sudo

  46. Enable root (administrator) • Change password for root to “password”.

  47. man su

  48. Log in as root

  49. man shutdown

  50. Restart system

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