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Bee Pest

Bee Pest . Hugh A. Smith ( MSc . BSc .) Senior Plant Protection Officer Apiculture Unit March 2012. Healthy Frame. Stored Honey. Honey or Brood ?. Healthy Brood. Brood frame. Honey. Drone cells. Good Brood Pattern. Healthy Frame. Honey. Supersedure queen Cell. Varroa Mite.

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Bee Pest

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  1. Bee Pest Hugh A. Smith (MSc. BSc.) Senior Plant Protection Officer Apiculture Unit March 2012

  2. Healthy Frame

  3. Stored Honey

  4. Honey or Brood ?

  5. Healthy Brood

  6. Brood frame Honey Drone cells

  7. Good Brood Pattern

  8. Healthy Frame Honey

  9. Supersedure queen Cell

  10. Varroa Mite

  11. Varroa destructor • Varroa destructor is an external parasitic mite • It was until recently mislabeled as Varroa jacobsoni. • It can only replicate in a honeybee colony. • It attaches at the body of the bee and weakens the bee by sucking haemolymph. In this process the mite may also spread RNA viral agents and bacteria to the bee.

  12. Varroa destructor vs Varroa jacobsoni • Varroa destructor was until recently thought to be a closely related mite species called Varroa jacobsoni. • Both species parasitize the Asian honey bee, Apis cerana. • The mite species originally described as V. jacobsoni by Oudemans in 1904 is part of the same species complex, but not the same species that made the jump to Apis mellifera. • That jump probably first took place in the Philippines in the early 1960’s. • This late identification in 2000 by Anderson and Trueman led to some confusion and mislabeling in the scientific literature.

  13. Varroa Mite on Adult Honey Bee

  14. Adult Varroa

  15. Bee Cell With Varroa

  16. Pupa with Varroa

  17. Life Cycle of Varroa • Synchronized with that of its honey bee host; • The female lays eggs in bee brood cells. • Developing mites feed on developing honey bee larvae. • Males and females copulate in the cell. • The male dies, but pregnant females emerge from the cell along with their bee host and seek another cell to repeat the cycle. • It is thought the length of the post capping period in honey bees is an important indicator of eventual infestation.

  18. Life Cycle

  19. Varroa Mite

  20. Varroa on Larva

  21. Varroa on Pupa

  22. Control of Varroa • Chemical • Apistan™ • Apiguard™ • Others • Non –Chemical • Traps / hive designs • Brood Management • Stock Selection

  23. Management of Varroa • Resistance • Determine a colony's infestation level • Monitor effectiveness of the treatment. • Integrated Pest Management

  24. Varroa Insert for Detection

  25. Varroa Treatment

  26. Small Hive Beetle

  27. Adult Small Hive Beetle • Reddish Brown to Black in colour; • Measures 5mm in length; • 1/3 honey bees size • Very hard shell; and • May live up to 6mths.

  28. Small Hive Beetle

  29. Small Hive Beetle Larvae • Cream to off-white in colour; • Measures: • Length 1.1cm; • Diameter 0.16 cm • Resemble the wax moth larvae but have spines; • Pupate between 10 -16dys

  30. Small Hive Beetle Larvae and Slime

  31. SHBLife Cycle

  32. Damages cause by SHB • Larvae attacks and feeds on honey and pollen; • Consume honeybee eggs and larvae of all stages; • Dripping of honey in the hive; • Honey usually ferments and produces an unpleasant odour;and • Odour repels the honeybee.

  33. Control Measures • Mechanical control traps (PVC) • Bottom Board trap with honey attached • Bait traps • In hive treatment • Outside hive treatment • Soil treatment

  34. Adult Wax Moth

  35. Wax Moth

  36. Greater Wax Moth Larva

  37. Life Cycle of Acarine mites

  38. Acarine Mite, Acarapis Woodii(Tracheal Mite)

  39. Acarine mite

  40. Acarine mite

  41. Acarine Mites in Tubes

  42. Acarine mites

  43. Red ants • Black ants • Termites

  44. American Foulbrood (AFB)

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