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Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I Yuka Kawashima, et al, Nature,2009

HLA-A; red HLA-B; yellow HLA-C; blue. (A) Japanese. 29 alleles. 24. 51. Allele frequency (%). 2. (B) Caucasian (USA). 46 alleles. 35. 24. 57. 27. (C) African Americans (USA). 50 alleles. 58. 35. 57. 27.

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Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I Yuka Kawashima, et al, Nature,2009

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  1. HLA-A; red HLA-B; yellow HLA-C; blue (A) Japanese 29 alleles 24 51 Allele frequency (%) 2 (B) Caucasian (USA) 46 alleles 35 24 57 27 (C) African Americans (USA) 50 alleles 58 35 57 27 The impacts of HLA class I alleles on HIV-1 plasma virus loads in a unique Asian population with a narrow spectrum of HLA,and their changes at the population level over time Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I Yuka Kawashima, et al, Nature,2009 Frequent Transmission of Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Escape Mutants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in the Highly HLA-A24-Positive Japanese Population Tae Furutsuki, et al, JVI,2004

  2. Alleles beneficialin U.S. are not protective in Japan US Caucasians (n=600) Japanese (n=141) Protective Allele frequency B27;0.025% B57;rare frequency B51;8.6% A11;10.4% Cw14:12.7% A26;11.6% O’brien SJ, et al. Trends Mol. Med.2001

  3. HLA-B51 has been losing its beneficial effect at the population level in Japan. HLA-B51 has been losing its beneficial effect at the population level in Japan, however such transition was not obvious for the other alleles.

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