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PLANNING (LANJUTAN)

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  1. PLANNING(LANJUTAN)

  2. Objectives of Strategic Systems Planning • Integrate the information system development with the firm’s overall planning processes • Ensure orderly development of systems projects, making efficient use of available resources • Recognize changing priorities and newly arising conditions as well as increasing informational demands • Incorporate improvements in information technology as they become relevant to the firm’s needs and promise greater benefits than the cost outlays

  3. Survey of the Present System • Scope • Data Types and Sources • Behavioral Issues • Communicate openly with the persons to be affected by the system project • Encourage participation by the affected persons throughout the survey • Emphasize the positive aspects of the project and explain that the resulting system can better meet the users’ needs • Reduce the fears of employees and managers by establishing and publicizing fair personnel policies

  4. What prompts a new system? • The current system may no longer be suitable for its purpose • Technological developments may have made the current system redundant or outdated • The current system may be too inflexible or expensive to maintain

  5. Feasibility study (TELOS) • Technical feasibility • does the technology exist to implement the proposed system, or is it a practical proposition? • Economic feasibility • is proposed system cost-effective – if benefits do not outweigh costs, it’s not worth going ahead. • Legal feasibility • Is there any conflict between the proposed system and legal requirements – e.g. the Data Protection Act? • Operational feasibility • are the current work practices and procedures adequate to support the new system? • Schedule feasibility • how long will the system take to develop, or can it be done in a desired time-frame?

  6. Feasibility Study Maintenance Analysis Installation Design Programming Systems Life Cycle

  7. Controlling The IT Environtment Types of Control Activities • Workflow control • Input control • General control • Performance review

  8. Workflow control • Segregation of duties • Use information from prior events to control activities • Required sequence events • Follow up on event • Sequence of prenumbered documents • Recording of internal agents accountable for an event in a process • Limitation of access to asset and information • Reconciliation of records with physical evidence of assets

  9. Input Control • Drop down of look up menus that provide a list of possible values to enter • Record checking to determine whether data entered were consistent with data entered in a related table • Conformation of data that were entered by a user by displaying related data from another table • Referential integrity controls to ensure that event records are related to the correct master file records • Format checks to limit the data to text, numbers and date • Validation rules to limit the data can be entered to certain values • Use of defaults from data entered in prior sessions • Computer generated values in records • Batch control totals taken before data entry compare to printouts after data entry • Review of edit report for errors before posting

  10. General Control • Information System Planning • Organizing the IT function • Identifying and developing Information system solutions • Implementing and operating accounting system

  11. Information System Planning • Develop IT Strategy • Plan the IT Infrastructure 1. Legacy system 2. Platform 3. Multi user system 4. System integration (ERP, EDI, Extranet, Internet)

  12. Pengendalian Internal (internal Control) • Control Environment • Risk assessment • Control Activities • Information and communication • Monitoring

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