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Settling the West 1865-1900

Explore the settlement of the American West from 1865-1900, including placer and quartz mining, iconic figures like Henry Comstock and George A. Custer, the challenges and successes of farming on the plains, and the interactions between settlers and Native Americans.

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Settling the West 1865-1900

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  1. Settling the West1865-1900 Placer Mining – Using picks, shovels, and pans. Quartz Mining – Dug deep beneath the surface. Henry Comstock – Staked a claim in Six Mile Canyon, Nevada. Vigilance Committees – self appointed volunteers punishing wrongdoers. Section 1 “Miners and Ranchers”

  2. Open Range – A vast area of grassland owned by the government. • Long Drive – From either Abilene or Dodge City in Kansas to Sedalia, Missouri. • Chisholm Trail – A town that rivaled the mining towns in terms of rowdiness. • Mavericks – stray calves with no identifying symbols • Barbed Wire – enabled hundreds of square miles to be fenced off cheaply and easily.

  3. Section 2“Farming the Plains” • Great Plains – Extended westward to the Rocky Mountains from around the 100th meridian. • Stephen Long – Explored the region with an army expedition in 1819. • Homestead Act – For a $10 registration fee, an individual could file for a homestead. • Homestead – A tract of public land available for settlement.

  4. Dry Farming – Plant seeds deep in the ground where there was enough moisture for them to grow. • Sodbusters – those who plowed the soil on the Plains. • Bonanza Farms – often yielded big profits.

  5. Section 3“Native Americans” • Nomads – roamed vast distances following their main source of food. • Annuities – payments to reservation dwellers • Little Crow – Asked traders to provide food to his people on credit. • Fetterman’s Massacre – The Lakota Sioux defended their territory.

  6. Sand Creek Massacre – Took place along Sand Creek in eastern Colorado. • Indian Peace Commission – Proposed creating two large reservations on the Plains. One for the Sioux and one for the southern Plains Indians. • George A. Custer – Commander of the Seventh Cavalry. • Ghost Dance – ritual that celebrated a hoped-for day of reckoning when settlers would disappear, the buffalo would return, and native Americans would be reunited with their deceased ancestors. • Assimilate – to be absorbed • Allotments – were families could be self-supporting.

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