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The Evolution of Services: Origins and Importance

Explore the origins and significance of services, which encompass activities meeting human needs and driving economies in developed countries. Uncover how services create jobs and sustain livelihoods.

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The Evolution of Services: Origins and Importance

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  1. CH. 12—Services

    KI 1: Where did services originate?
  2. Service Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it Accounts for most jobs in MDCs Services are located in settlements—a permanent collection of buildings where people reside, work, and obtain services Can be rural, urban, small or large Occupy only 1 % of Earth’s surface, but they are home to nearly all humans
  3. Consumer Services Provide services to individuals who desire them and can afford to pay for them Account for around 44% of American jobs Retail and wholesale (dept. stores, grocers) Education (teachers) Health Services (hospitals, nursing homes, dr’s office) Leisure and hospitality services (restaurants, lodging, entertainment)
  4. Business Services Facilitate other businesses Roughly 24% of all U.S. jobs Financial services (finance, insurance, real estate) Professional services (law, management, accounting, engineering) Transportation and Information services (trucking, publishing, broadcasting, utilities)
  5. Public Services Provide security and protection for citizens and businesses 17% of U.S. jobs Government employees Public school employees can be included in either this service or the consumer services
  6. Growth in American employment has been exclusively in Tertiary (Service) jobs. Read pg. 377- “Services in the Recession”
  7. Services in Early Rural Settlements Archaeologists believe that first settlements originated in part to provide consumer and public service Offered places to bury the dead (ceremonies included) Also became manufacturing centers—domestic system (basic tools, clothing)—this lead to retail-service functions Public services were closely tied to religion and defense of settlements Business Services evolved as trade evolved and became more regulated
  8. Services in Early Urban Settlements May have started in Mesopotamia and diffused to Egypt, China, and Indus Valley (possible all hearths were independent of each other though) Ur in Mesopotamia is one of oldest documented urban areas (population of around 10,000, ruins date back to 3000 B.C.) Ancient Greece Minoans and Mycenaens oldest Athens probably first urban settlement with over 100,000 people All Greek City States provided public services (military, government officials), business services (trade regulations), and consumer services (entertainment, retail, education)
  9. Services in Early Urban Settlements Ancient Rome helped urban settlements develop in other parts of Europe (also provided more services than almost any other ancient settlement—roads, trade, military, government, retail, entertainment, utilities, etc.) Medieval Services Feudalism (land for services provided) Expanding trade From collapse of Rome (400s) to Ind. Rev. (1700s)—biggest cities were all in Asia (Baghdad, Constantinople, Kyoto, Beijing, Cairo, etc.)
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