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Refraction of Light

Refraction of Light. When light travels from one medium into another, it bends. The bending of light in this way is called Refraction . Why does light bend?. Assuming that a car travels slower on gravel than on concrete … picture this …. Gravel (thick medium). Gravel (thick medium).

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Refraction of Light

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  1. Refraction of Light

  2. When light travels from one medium into another, it bends. The bending of light in this way is called Refraction.

  3. Why does light bend? • Assuming that a car travels slower on gravel than on concrete … picture this … Gravel (thick medium) Gravel (thick medium) Gravel (thick medium) Concrete Road (thin medium) Concrete Road (thin medium) Concrete Road (thin medium)

  4. Seeing Refraction

  5. Air Water

  6. Refraction of Light (< of incidence) (< of reflection) Normal Reflected Ray Incident Ray Өi Өr Refracted Ray ӨR (< of Refraction)

  7. Some substances cause light to slow down more than others. Hence, these substance cause light to bend more than others.

  8. The Index of Refraction for any material is a comparison of the speed of light in the material to the speed of light in a vacuum (c) Speed of light in a vacuum Index of Refraction Speed of light in the material

  9. Examples • The speed of light in a vacuum is 3.0 x 108 m/s. When light travels through ice, it slows down to 2.29 x 108 m/s. Determine the index of refraction for ice. • If the index of refraction for diamond is 2.42, how fast does light travel as it passes through?

  10. The Law of Refraction • In 1621, Willebrord Snellius derived a mathematical equation to predict how light will refract when it travels between two different mediums.

  11. Snell’s Law Air n = 1.000293 θR θi Glass n = 1.52

  12. Snell’s Law Air n = 1.000293 θR θi Glass n = 1.52

  13. Snell’s Law Air n = 1.000293 θR θi Glass n = 1.52

  14. Snell’s Law Air n = 1.000293 θR θi Glass n = 1.52

  15. Example • Light enters water (n = 1.33) from air (n = 1.000293) at an angle of 25o. With what angle does it refract? • Light travels from glass (n = 1.52) into another substance at an angle of 45o. If it refracts at an angle of 26o, what is the substance?

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