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Top level overview of target fabrication tasks

Top level overview of target fabrication tasks. Presented by Dan Goodin at the. High Average Power Laser Program Workshop Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory October 27 and 28, 2004. Summary - target fabrication. What are we trying to do in Phase I? What is the target design?

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Top level overview of target fabrication tasks

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  1. Top level overview of target fabrication tasks Presented by Dan Goodin at the High Average Power Laser Program WorkshopPrinceton Plasma Physics LaboratoryOctober 27 and 28, 2004

  2. Summary - target fabrication • What are we trying to do in Phase I? • What is the target design? • What are the basic target specifications? • How is the target fabricated? • What are the remaining issues? • What’s being done to address the issues?

  3. What are we trying to do in Phase I? Address issues about the feasibility of the laser fusion target supply Phase I goals for target fabrication: • Develop mass production methods to fabricate cryogenic DT targets that meet the requirements of the target design codes and chamber design. Includes characterization. • Combine these methods with established mass production costing models to show targets cost will be less than $0.25. A 1000 MW(e) power plant will operate at about 6 Hz - about 500,000 targets per day.

  4. What is the target design and what are the requirements? Au and/or Pd on top ~1 mm fill holes (A) “Baseline” Direct Drive High Gain Target Design Permeation barrier Divinyl benzene foam shell Polyvinyl phenol overcoat Au/Pd “reflector” on top (B) “Backup” target with additional “dry” foam to provide insulation Some Expected Direct Drive Specifications Capsule Material CH (DVB) foam Capsule Diameter ~4-5 mm Capsule Wall Thickness ~260 m Foam shell density 100-120 mg/cc Out of Round <1% of radius Non-Concentricity <1% of wall thickness Shell Surface Finish ~20 nm RMS Ice Surface Finish <1 m RMS Temperature at shot ~15 - 18K Positioning in chamber ± 5 mm Alignment with beams <20 m Foam-insulated target is thermally robust Baseline target (18K): <0.68 W/cm2 (970C and no gas) Foam-insulated: <3.7 W/cm2 (970C and 12.5 mtorr @ 4000K) Foam-insulated (16K): <9.3 W/cm2 (970C and 40 mtorr @ 4000K)

  5. IFE target fab processes have many common elements - which are derived from ICF experiments Fabricate Capsules DT Fuel Fill DT Fuel Layer Load capsule Fabricate hohlraum or sabot Pressure cell Fluidized bed (CH) Micro-encapsulation and/or sputter coating (Be) Advanced manufacturing methods Existing and major new ICF facilities Inject/Track or insert NIF OMEGA EP Injector demo experiment Z-R Synergism with ICF programs and decades of R&D

  6. How is the target fabricated and what are the issues? StepMethodsDemonstrated?Remaining Issues Capsules, Microencapsulation, Yes, including DVB Non-concentricity, overcoat polydensation quality, mass-production, meeting specs Metal Overcoat Sputter Coating Yes, on small scale Standard industrial process.. Filling with DT Permeation Yes, including DVB shells Optimize for min. DT inventory Layering -layering Yes, but on single targets Mass-production demo Cryo Handling Cryostats Yes, but on single targets Part of layering/injection demo Injection EM, gas gun Room Temp. demo now, Accuracy, tracking demo, cryo survival injector Advantage = started with ICF experience base

  7. So the specific issues in this session are……… • Capsule non-concentricity - spec is NC <1% of wall thickness • Overcoat - delamination of the overcoat, surface finish of 20 nm • Gas tightness of overcoat & “buckle pressure” for filling • Production process yield improvement • Mass-production methods for 500,000/day - online characterization • DT behavior under heat flux (really injection issue) - understand the limits of DT when exposed to heat flux (impact on chamber design) Coating Droplet generator DT layer after ~1 W/cm2 for 24 ms Failures during overpressure 4 mm dia., 200 m foam layer, CH overcoat, Schroen, Streit Batch of ~400 3.5 mm OD DVB

  8. W2 Amp Laser DAQ Laser Data PC Photodiode Sensors The presentations deal directly with these issues……… Five talks/posters: 1) Divinyl benzene (DVB) shells - Diana Schroen, Jon Streit 2) Mass production of IFE targets - Brian Vermillion 3) Solid DT studies - Jim Hoffer, Drew Geller, John Sheliak 4) Poster: DVB foam shells with a dual initiator - Reny Paguio 5) Poster: Foam characterization with ultrasound - Leonard Bond, Morris Good, Diana Schroen ~ 5 µm PVP GDP Coated RF Foam (related ICF studies) “Online” feedback & characterization DVB Foam

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