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Understanding Network and Telecommunication Basics

This guide covers essential concepts in networks and telecommunications. It explains telecommunication systems and networks, including local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). Key characteristics such as architecture, types of networks (peer-to-peer and client/server), protocols like TCP/IP, and network topologies (bus, star, ring) are discussed. Insights into media types (coaxial, fiber optic) and the roles of routers in data packet transmission are provided, along with information about Wi-Fi, Virtual Private Networks (VPN), and mobile versus wireless technologies.

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Understanding Network and Telecommunication Basics

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  1. Business Plug-in 5 NETWORKS and TELECOMMUNICATIONS

  2. NETWORK BASICS • Telecommunication system –a system that transmits _____ over public or private networks • Network –a two or more computers that exchange data and share resources using standards (_________) • Three types of networks: • Local area network (LAN)—a building • Metropolitan area network (MAN)—a city • ______ area network (WAN)—a large region

  3. NETWORK BASICS

  4. NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS • Architecture • peer-to-peer or client/_________ • Topology • bus, star, ring, hybrid, __________ • Protocols • Ethernet • TCP/___ • Media • coaxial, twisted-pair, _______-optic

  5. Peer-to-Peer Networks • Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - any network without a central file _______ and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations

  6. Client/Server Networks • Client/server network – a _______ model for computing in which the bulk of the processing takes place on a server (back-end), while clients perform primarily input/output (front-end) • Client- a computer that is designed to request information from a server • Server - a computer that is dedicated to providing information to the client

  7. Client/Server Networks • Network operating system (NOS) - the operating system that runs a network, steering information between computers while managing security • Packet-switching -dividing a message on a source computer into a number of efficiently sized units called ________, each of which contains the address of the destination computer • Router - an __________ connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination

  8. Client/Server Networks • Client/Server network

  9. Client/Server Networks • Worldwide router growth

  10. TOPOLOGY • Network topology - the __________ arrangement of the physical computers and other network devices) in a network • Bus • Star • Ring • Hybrid • Wireless

  11. TOPOLOGIES

  12. PROTOCOLS • Protocol - a _________ that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission • Interoperability - the capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers

  13. Ethernet • Ethernet - a physical and data layer technology for LAN networking

  14. Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol • TCP/IP – protocol for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks

  15. Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol Applications • File transfer __________ (FTP) • Downloading/uploading files to/from computers • Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) • For sending/receiving email • Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) • For downloading ____ pages • Simple network management protocol (SNMP) • For network management

  16. The OSI Model for TCP/IP Applications communicating w/ applications Networks communicating w/ applications Managing sessions between computers Logically sending data over a network Connecting networks Connecting devices on a network Connecting a device to a communication medium

  17. Voice over IP (VoIP) • Voice over IP (VoIP) -uses _______ technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines

  18. NETWORK TRANSMISSION MEDIA • Two types of media used to carry the signal between computers • ______ media (guided) • Twisted-pair wiring • Coaxial cable • Fiber optic (or optical fiber) • Wireless media (unguided) • Empty space is the medium • Range varies

  19. Wire Media

  20. E-BUSINESS NETWORKS • Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g., Internet) to provide secure access to an organization’s network • Valued-added network (VAN) -a private network, provided by a ______ party, for exchanging information through a high capacity connection

  21. WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI) • Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) – a means of linking computers using _______ or radio signals • Common examples of wireless devices include: • Cellular phones and pagers • Global positioning systems (GPS) • Cordless computer peripherals • Home-entertainment-system control boxes • Two-way radios • Satellite television

  22. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES • Mobile and wireless are often used synonymously, but actually denote two different technologies • Mobile technology - means the technology can travel with the user, but it is not necessarily in _________ • Wireless technology - gives users a live (Internet) connection via satellite or radio transmitters

  23. Radio Frequency Identification • Radio frequency identification (RFID) - use active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers and relay this information to electronic readers • RFID tag - contains a microchip and an ________, and typically work by transmitting a serial number via radio waves to an electronic reader, which confirms the identity of a person or object bearing the tag

  24. THE FUTURE OF WIRELESS

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