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Galileo and his discoveries

Galileo and his discoveries. Galileo discovered 6 key things about the solar system…. 1. The Sun has sunspots 2. Venus has phases 3. The Moon has relief features 4. Jupiter has 4 orbiting moons 5. Saturn has rings 6. The Milky Way contains individual stars. 1. The Sun has sunspots.

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Galileo and his discoveries

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  1. Galileo and his discoveries

  2. Galileo discovered 6 key things about the solar system… 1. The Sun has sunspots 2. Venus has phases 3. The Moon has relief features 4. Jupiter has 4 orbiting moons 5. Saturn has rings 6. The Milky Way contains individual stars

  3. 1. The Sun has sunspots Galileo used his telescope to observe the Sun’s surface daily. He discovered sunspots; dark areas which moved across the surface. IMPORTANT: NEVER LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE SUN. PROJECTION IS THE SAFEST WAY TO OBSERVE THE SUN.

  4. 2. Venus has phases Sun Venus Earth As Venus progresses around its orbit, not only does it display phases (similar to the Moon), but the size of apparent diameter changes (by a factor of about three); between a large crescent and a small disk.

  5. 3. The Moon has relief features When the Moon is full, surface features like craters are fairly indistinct and not easy to see, even when viewed through a telescope.

  6. Compare with the Half Moon  S  U  N  L  I  G  H  T Walls produce shadows, but surface markings don’t. Galileo deduced Moon craters have walls because they produce shadows. This is an example of a relief feature. Let’s have a closer look at a crater The fact there is a shadow here shows there must something here high enough to cause a shadow, due to the sunlight coming from here

  7. 4. Jupiter has 4 orbiting moons These four moons are known as the Galilean moons, in honour of their discoverer, Galileo. Galileo saw Jupiter’s moons orbiting Jupiter, which meant not everything had to orbit the Earth. Increasingly, people started to realise that it made more sense for the planets to be in orbit around the Sun. This was called the Heliocentric Theory (Helio = Sun)

  8. 5. Saturn has rings Of course, we now know he had seen the rings of Saturn. When Galileo viewed Saturn with his telescope, he wasn’t able to properly focus it. He saw there was something on either side of the planet, maybe Saturn had ears!!

  9. 6. Milky Way When Galileo looked at the Milky way through his telescope he saw that it contained bright individual stars.

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