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Nanotechnology-based sensing and actuation systems

Nanotechnology-based sensing and actuation systems. Abhijit Bhattacharyya Department of Applied Science University of Arkansas at Little Rock , Little Rock, AR 72204. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION. BioMEMS Ferroelectrics / Multiferroics / hybrid smart materials

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Nanotechnology-based sensing and actuation systems

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  1. Nanotechnology-based sensing and actuation systems Abhijit Bhattacharyya Department of Applied Science University of Arkansas at Little Rock , Little Rock, AR 72204

  2. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION • BioMEMS • Ferroelectrics / Multiferroics / hybrid smart materials • Conductive filler – polymer composites • sensor/actuation networks

  3. From: Hu, Harrison, Masliyah, 1999, Numerical Model of Electrokinetic Flow for Capillary Electrophoresis, J. Colloid & Inter. Sci. BIOMEMS BIO-MEMS

  4. From: P.J.Blackshear, 1979, Implantable Drug-Delivery Systems, Scientific American, Vol.241, No.6, 52-59. BIOMEMS IMPANTABLE MICRO-PUMPS

  5. BIOMEMS MICROCHANNEL HEAT SINKS From: Y.Joo, K.Dieu and C-J Kim, Fabrication of Monolithic microchannels for IC chip cooling, UCLA.

  6. From: Electrokinetic Transport Phenomena by J.H.Masliyah , AOSTRA Technical Series #12 (1994) BIOMEMS

  7. r = a r BIOMEMS

  8. r = a r = a r r APPLIED ELECTRICAL FIELD APPLIED PRESSURE GRADIENT STREAMING POTENTIAL BIOMEMS DIRECTION OF FLOW ELECTROOSMOSIS

  9. z t BIOMEMS Periodic Pressure Gradients

  10. BIOMEMS

  11. BIOMEMS

  12. 10 KPa /cm Very dilute aqueous 1:1 electrolyte (e.g. KCL) t 1 10 (sec) GLASS SUBSTRATE BIOMEMS 2.75 microliters/sec

  13. FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS/MULTI-FERROICS CONTINUUM MODELING OF FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS Dielectric constants Elastic Compliances Piezoelectric compliances THE 2nd LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS (Clausius-Duhem Inequality) Gibbs free energy Volume fraction of new phase Li and Weng, 2002, J. Applied Phys., 91 (6), 3806-3815

  14. Fig.ure 1:(a) Thin Film Cu-RTD, (b) Thin film Cu-RTD and 5-MT thermopile, and (c) Thin film Cu-RTD, Cr-sample, and 3-MT thermopile. THIN FILMS Imran, M., Bhattacharyya, 2005, Thermal response of an on-chip assembly of RTD heaters, sputtered sample and microthermocouples, Sensors and Actuators, 121, 306-320.

  15. Fig. 12: The model prediction of Seebeck current versus the length of the MT. THIN MODELING & CHARACTERIZATION Imran, M., Bhattacharyya, 2005, Thermal response of an on-chip assembly of RTD heaters, sputtered sample and microthermocouples, Sensors and Actuators, 121, 306-320.

  16. CONDUCTIVE FILLER-POLYMER COMPOSITES 7500 X 637.7 ohm.mm 400 X 2.5 wt. % CNT AFM IMAGES OPTICAL IMAGES 400 X Infinite resistivity 7500 X 2.5 wt. % Graphite G. Kannarpady, B. Mohan

  17. Device Modeling SENSOR & ACTUATOR SYSTEMS CORE COMPONENTS Device Experiments Device Fabrication Swarm testbed Swarm Experiments Swarm Modeling

  18. Devices Group (Bhattacharyya, Chen, Engelken, Ma) HIDEC (Varadan) Fabrication UALR ASU Devices Group (Bhattacharyya, Chen, Engelken, Ma), NCTR Systems Group (Al-Rizzo, Iqbal, Mohan, Xu) Robotics Group (Anderson, Ramaswamy, Tang) Modeling UAF NCTR Systems Group (Al-Rizzo, Iqbal, Liu, Mohan) Robotics Group (Anderson, Ramaswamy, Tang) Devices Group (Bhattacharyya, Engelken, Ma), NCTR Experiments PERSONNEL

  19. UALR ASU UAF NCTR FACILITIES Fabrication Facility, UALR (to start Fall 2005), PLD ASU Optoelectronics Lab , HIDEC Fabrication Smart Materials and MEMS Laboratory, UALR Collaborative Optical Wireless & Info. Networking Lab, UALR Distributed Systems and Parallel Processing Lab, UALR Modeling Smart Materials and MEMS Laboratory, UALR Computing Research Lab, UALR (setup in process) UALR Nanotech Center, Robotics Lab, UALR Collaborative Optical Wireless & Info. Networking Lab, UALR Other facilities in ASU, NCTR and UAF Experiments

  20. Dr. Robert Engelken, Professor of Electrical Engineering, and periodically collaborating faculty, for example Dr. Bruce Johnson, Dr. Scott Reeve, and Dr. Mark Draganjac - ASU Department of Chemistry and Physics, and collaborators from institutions such as UAF, UALR, UMR, and UT-Arlington. Funding from NASA, ASGC, NSF, NIH, EPA, ASTA, and industry. Three well equipped laboratories with numerous major instruments such as X-ray diffractometer, optical spectrophotometer, electron microscope, etc. ASU Optoelectronic Materials Research Laboratory

  21. Thin film and powder deposition and characterization (electrical, optical, chemical, and structural/crystallographic). Electrochemical deposition/synthesis of materials. Composite and multifunctionality materials and films. Photovoltaic cells, light detectors, and other sensors. Compound semiconductors. Low toxicity and environmentally low impact materials and films, and associated synthesis/deposition, processing, characterization, and applications (in conjunction with the multidisciplinary ASU Environmental Science Program). Areas of Research Focus

  22. Electrodeposition of chromium films from Cr (III) electrolytes at ASU SEM micrographs of thin chromium films obtained by constant current plating onto brass cathodes for (a) 5 minutes and (b) 40 minutes at 0.15 A/cm2 from a formic acid bath containing Cr (III). • A. Baral and R. Engelken, “Modeling, Optimization, and Comparative Analysis of Trivalent Chromium Electrodeposition from Aqueous Glycine and Formic Acid Baths”, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 152, C504-C512 (2005).

  23. ASU measurement of magnetic force exerted on films vs. magnetomotive force (NI) Spray deposited polymer : ferromagnetic powder composite films M. Lemay, R. Engelken, Tito Viswanathan, et al., “Spray Deposition of Magnetite and Pyrrhotite-based Magnetic Composite Films”, 2004 Arkansas Undergraduate Research Conference, Arkadelphia, April 17, 2004.

  24. Assessment of Optical Networking Protocols for nano-optical sensors Systems Group • Evaluate IP-based IETF protocols for optical control plane • IP over Optical Networks • Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and Generalized • multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) • Simulation and analytical models for protocol evaluation • Methods for provisioning and protection

  25. A communicating distributed and parallel multi-agent system to achieve a common goal (surface exploration, agriculture, environment, etc) through coordination and knowledge sharing Enabling technologies Nano sensors and actuators Coordinated communication network System of robots with NanoOS (stripped-down tiny operating system) Nano embedded elements (processors, memories, motors, etc.) Distributed Software and Concurrent Programming Multi-agent distributed control and planning algorithms Robotics Group

  26. Coordination of Robotic Swarms Robotics Group K. S. Barber, T. H. Liu, S. Ramaswamy "Conflict Detection During Plan-Integration for Multi-Agent Systems", IEEE Transactions on   Systems Man and Cybernetics, August 2001. pp. 616-618.

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