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Chapter 21, part B

Chapter 21, part B. Digestion. Chemistry of Digestion: Fats. Bile emulsification to small fat droplets Enzymes: lipases, colipases & phospholipases Triglycerides  monoglycerides & free fatty acids. Chemistry of Digestion: Fats. Figure 21-8: Fat digestion.

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Chapter 21, part B

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  1. Chapter 21, part B Digestion

  2. Chemistry of Digestion: Fats • Bile emulsification to small fat droplets • Enzymes: lipases, colipases & phospholipases • Triglycerides  monoglycerides & free fatty acids

  3. Chemistry of Digestion: Fats Figure 21-8: Fat digestion

  4. Regulating Digestion: CNS and Enteric Nervous System (ENS) • Long (cephalic) reflexes: CNS, feed forward & emotional reflexes • Short reflexes – ENS ("little brain")  integration, motility & secretion: enzymes & hormone/paracrine GI peptides

  5. Regulating Digestion: CNS and Enteric Nervous System (ENS) Figure 21-9: The enteric nervous system

  6. Phases of Digestion: Overview Figure 21-11: Overview of functions in different regions of the digestive system

  7. Cephalic and Oral Phases of Digestion • Cephalic: anticipation of food • CNS  ANS long reflex • Enteric  cells short reflex • GI motility • GI secretions • Mouth: starts digestion • Grind, mix & liquefy • Saliva: water, enzymes, mucus & lysozyme

  8. Cephalic and Oral Phases of Digestion Figure 21-12: Long and short reflexes in the stomach

  9. Swallowing reflex: Soft Palate & Esophagus • Deglutition • Epiglottis • Upper esophageal sphincter • Lower esophageal sphincter • (heartburn)

  10. Swallowing reflex: Soft Palate & Esophagus Figure 21-13: The swallowing reflex

  11. Gastric Phase: The Stomach • Storage • Digestion • HCl – parietal C. • Lipase – chief C. • Pepsin – chief C. • Protect walls • HCO3- • Mucus

  12. Gastric Phase: The Stomach Figure 21-17: Integration of secretion in the stomach

  13. Gastric Phase: The Stomach Figure 21-15: The mucus-bicarbonate barrier of the gastric mucosa

  14. Regulation of the Stomach Digestive Activities • CNS – cephalic input • ENS – ANS integration w/hormones & paracrines

  15. Regulation of the Stomach Digestive Activities Figure 21-17: Integration of secretion in the stomach

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