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OVERSEAS OPPORTUNITIES

OVERSEAS OPPORTUNITIES. Dr. Mukund Rao, National Institute of Advanced Studies (India). Imaging and Data IN INDIA – Emerging Applications and POTENTIALs for UAS Technology. Mukund Rao Intl. Consultant on EO, GIS and Space Adjunct Faculty, NIAS ( mukund.k.rao@gmail.com ).

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OVERSEAS OPPORTUNITIES

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  1. OVERSEAS OPPORTUNITIES Dr. Mukund Rao, National Institute of Advanced Studies (India)

  2. Imaging and Data IN INDIA – Emerging Applications and POTENTIALs for UAS Technology Mukund Rao Intl. Consultant on EO, GIS and Space Adjunct Faculty, NIAS (mukund.k.rao@gmail.com) Presentation at ASPRS Symposium “CHANGE IN THE AIR” UAS MAPPING 2014 RENO, NEVADA, USA Oct 20 – 22, 2014

  3. MAPPING, EO AND GIS IN INDIA • INNOVATIONS: • SCIENTIFIC QUEST • ORGANISATIONAL • TECHNOLOGICAL • NATIONAL-RELEVANCE PROJECT-MODE “GIS DATABASES” & APPLICATIONS NATIONAL GIS IRS SYSTEM; FIRST DIGITAL MAPPING; THEMQTIC MAPPING ~5 YRS 2014 GIS APPLICATIONS 1990s AIN-E-AKBARI MAPS OF MUGHAL ERA (LAND TAX) SATELLITE IMAGING 1980s 1600s 1900s EARLY “MAPS” 1ST TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS SOI ESTABLISHED; 40 YRS FOR QURTER-INCH MAPS OF INDIA THE GREAT ARC 1ST GEODETIC SURVEY OF INDIA; FOUNDATION FOR MAPS 1800

  4. 2016 Resorcesat-3 Liss 3; AWifs Indian Imaging Capability 2016 Geo HR Imager 50m resolution 2015 Cartosat-3 Pan0.5m 2013 INSAT-3D IMAGER, SOUNDER 2012 RESOURCESAT-2 LISS 3; LISS 4; AWiFS 2003 INSAT-3A VHRR,CCD Geo stationary 2009 Oceansat-2 OCM, SCAT, ROSA 2002 KALPANA-1 VHRR 2009 RISAT-2 X-SAR 1999 INSAT-2E VHRR, CCD < 1 m 2007/ 08 CARTOSAT-2 & 2A PAN 1993 INSAT-2B VHRR 5.8 m 2005 CARTOSAT-1 PAN, F/A 1992 INSAT-2A VHRR Sun Synchronous 2003 RESOURCESAT-1 LISS 3; LISS 4; AWiFS 23 m 1990 INSAT-1D VHRR 2001 TESStep& Stare PAN 55 m 1999 OCEANSAT-1 OCM & MSMR 24 days 1995/97 IRS-1C/1D LISS-3, PAN & WiFS 188 m 5 days 1996 IRS-P3WiFS, MOS X-Ray 1 km UAS – YET TO ARRIVE 1988/91 IRS-1A & 1B LISS-1&2 5 days 2 days 30 min. Aerial Submetre Digital Camera Laser Terrain Mapper ALTM 360 m

  5. NATIONAL GIS: CRITICAL CAPABILITY “INNOVATION” GIS- DECISION SUPPORT • KEY “INNOVATION” ISSUES: • NEED FOR easy-to-use GIS Decision Support System TO bring scientific, participatory and quality into FUTURE GOVERNANCE • How nation CAN BE ASSURED OF GIS-Ready data THAT is easily available and maintained • institutional mechanism responsible for this critical technological and applications capability of GIS GIS DATA/IMAGE SERVICES GIS APPLICATIONS DSS GIS-READY DATA (CURRENT, NATION-WIDE) GIS STANDARDS GIS READY THEMATIC MAPS GIS READY GIS READY EXTENSIVE GROUND-SURVEY MAPS/DATA CADASTRAL MAPS (STATES) SATELLITE/AERIAL IMAGES

  6. NATIONAL GIS – THE VISION A NEW INFORMATION REGIME SUPPORTING GOOD GOVERNANCE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND CITIZEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH AN INDIAN NATIONAL GIS ORGANISATION OFFERING GIS DECISION SUPPORT SERVICES FOR GOVERNANCE, PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AND CITIZENS AND MAINTAINING A NATION-WIDE, STANDARDISED, SEAMLESS AND MOST-CURRENT GIS ASSET FOR THE NATION Information as lever of Economic and Social Development Information available in real time to share, manage & collaborate - accurate, reliable, timely & usable NKN N-G I S INFORMATION EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY LEGISLATIVE UID E-GOV

  7. SECTORAL DATA SECTORAL DATA SECTORAL DATA LIS (LAND REC) URBAN-GIS SECTORAL DATA AGRI-GIS SECTORAL DATA NDMA-GIS ENV-GIS SECTORAL DATA SECTORAL DATA WATER-GIS PANCHAYAT-GIS SECTORAL DATA ~25 GOVERNANCE MODULES ROADS-GIS WEATHER-GIS SECTORAL DATA STATE- GIS PLAN-GIS SECTORAL DATA SECURITY-GIS RURDEV-GIS SECTORAL DATA SECTORAL DATA NATIONAL GIS EDU-GIS HEALTH-GIS SECTORAL DATA SECTORAL DATA NATIONAL GIS-DSS – APPLICATIONS PII DATA ENT DATA E-REGISTER PII DATA E-HEALTH POWER-GIS CITIZEN E-LAND ENTERPRISES PII DATA ENT DATA ENT DATA Insurance GIS INFRA-GIS UID-GIS LBS GIS CENSUS DATA CENSUS-INDIA UID DATA ENT DATA INPUTS TO SAM PITRODA FROM MUKUND RAO (JUNE 24, 2013)

  8. Soil Variability In-season crop map Mid-Course Corrections Natural Resources Variability Irrigation Fertilizer Appl. Insect/Pest Control Variable rate technology ….. USER SERVICES ENTERPRISE FARMER Yield Variability GOVERNMENT AGRI-KNOWLEDGE/INTEGRATION ENGINE BENEFICIERY DATABASE NATIONAL GIS (~41+ FEATURES) LINK: CADASTRE NO. LINK: FAC. LOC. PT. AGRI-FACILITIES DATABASE CADASTRAL RECORDS DEVELOPMENTAL DATA BANKING DATA ….. CROP-SEASON IMAGES GROUND DATA FACILITY AGENCY DATA GROUND DATA CAPTURE NATIONAL GIS - AGRI-SERVICES AS OUTREACH TO FARMERS EXAMPLE Crop Weather Interaction

  9. NATIONAL GIS – PUBLIC SERVICES MODEL CITIZEN SERVICES EXAMPLE PUBLIC SERVICE INSURANCE SERVICES EMER. ALERT SERVICE NEAREST FACILITIES DISASTER VULNERABILITY HEALTH RECORDS CROP PRICES LAND RECORDS VILLAGE SERVICES NATIONAL GIS CITIZEN SERVICES GIS ENGINE LINKAGES ASSET(~41+ FEATURES) GEO-TAGGED AMENITIES DATA PROGRAMME DATA CENSUS DATA IMAGES INPUTS TO SAM PITRODA FROM MUKUND RAO (JUNE 24, 2013)

  10. ADMIN MAPS VILLAGES/SET CADASTRES DRAINAGE ROADS SOILS RAILS LANDUSE FOREST TYPE/DEN TOPO BASE GWATER COASTAL MAPS IMAGES SLOPE/DEM WEATHER/ES IMAGES COMMON, NATION-WIDE, STANDARDISED, UPTODATE GIS CONTENT NATIONAL GIS ASSET ~41+ FEATURES ANY REAL-TIME WEATHER/ES DATA EVENTS CENSUS DATA FEED-BACK OTHER DATA PLAN STATS ENT DATA PROGRESS COMPLAINTS

  11. NATIONAL GIS ASSET …. IMAGES ARE IMPORTANT ~1M IMAGES ~3.29 M SQ KMS NATION-WIDE, SEAMLESS, YEARLY IMAGES AND MAPS NATIONAL GIS ASSET ~41+ FEATURES ~10 CM IMAGES & DATA ~500K SQ KMS SPOT-AREA, “AT-WILL” IMAGES AND MAPS UAS IMAGING & DATA!!!

  12. UAS FOR IMAGING AND MAPPING…. POTENTIALS • Agriculture: 140mha of Agriculture land; aggregated farming; timely crop status and health information, production/acreage information. • City mapping and monitoring: ~7000+ cities; urban growth, buildings, traffic etc • Mine monitoring: ~3000 mines (560 coal, 553 limestone and 316 iron-ore mines); real-time status, volume estimations etc • Forest mensuration and mapping: ~25% under forests/tree-cover; tree-count/mensuration, forest monitoring, fire-assessment etc • Disaster management support: Floods, Cyclones/Storms, earthquakes, landslides and man-made disasters; rescue operations and systematic damage assessment • Change Analysis/Monitoring – record of change in local-area development, impact of government programmes, public fund usage, progress of infrastructure projects, environment etc • 3D visualisation – cities, important projects, national memorials, tourism, in-building imaging etc • Civic operations and crowd management – sports/political gatherings/ festivities/celebration etc • Business applications for real-estate, tourism, news, social events etc

  13. NATIONAL GI POLICY …. IMAGING IS KEY • LONG-TERM, ASSURED, IMAGING SATELLITES • UPTO 0.5M, SAR, OCEANS, WEATHER • LIBERALISE AERIAL SURVEY • UAS KEY POLICY ISSUES: • ADVANCED SURVEY DATA • UAS • ROBUST BASE MAPS – SEAMLESS AND NATIONAL COVERAGE • THEMATIC MAPPING • SATELLITE/AERIAL (UAS) IMAGES, BASE MAPS, THEMATIC MAPS, GROUND SURVEY DATA • NATIONAL GIS ASSET AND GIS DSS APPS AS SERVICE CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES: • Regulation – LICENSING/REGISTERING method • NATIONAL GI REGISTRY/LOG • INNOVATION AND INDUSTRY PRIMACY • ADVANCED INDIGENUOUS INDUSTRY

  14. UAS FOR IMAGING AND MAPPING…. THE POSITIVES • “AT WILL” IMAGING AND DATA COLLECTION • “MAXIMAL” USER-CONTROL - LESS DEPENDANT ON OTHER SYSTEMS • DATA-GATHERING OF “REQUIRED-AREA” • EASY AMENABILITY TO MAPPING AND METRICS • DIRECT INGEST TO GIS • VARIETY OF “SENSORS”: • IMAGING CAMERAS, LIDARS, POLLUTION MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, GEOPHYSICAL ETC • COST TO USER - “PERCEPTION OF LESS”: • ONE-TIME COST OF UAV SYSTEMS PROCUREMENT • OPERATIONAL AND RUNNING COST?? “DEMOCRATISATION” OF IMAGING INFORMATION

  15. UAS FOR IMAGING AND MAPPING…. CHALLENGES • Policy – “flying objects” policies/rules to a “national airspace” - inclusion of UAS • Legal regimes - safety and security, privacy and liability/insurance • Concern of “lethal payloads” • Regulation and Rules – “Globally harmonised” (Aligned with ICAO Norms) • Standardisation - technology, data parameters, operation etc • Pilot & Crew, Control Station, Aircraft, Communication radio-link • Certification and Training • Obstacle Avoidance technologies • Engineered/Calibrated Test-site for UAS • UAS “sensors” • Back-end GIS maps and data and ingest to National GIS Asset • Viable industry and research regime for UAS technology and applications Oct 7, 2014 notification http://dgca.nic.in/public_notice/PN-UAS.pdf

  16. UAS FOR IMAGING AND MAPPING…. NIAS PROPOSITION • National UAS Workshop • Focus: Building a National capability and policy for UAS - Bangalore; Early-2015 • Report on UAS Technology, Applications and Policies – Later 2015 • International scenario – technology, applications and policies • Indian User Requirements and Needs • 2-pronged Recommendations: • Initiation-Phase: • Demonstrative projects - agriculture, mining, cities, forests, coastal areas, infrastructure etc • Technology Assimilation – Standards, Systems, Data Processing, GIS ingest, Training and HR development • Policy Formulation – UAS in a National Aerospace regime, safety/security, insurance etc • Co-operation and business (Learning from others) • Operational Phase: • Commercial development of UAS systems • Services and operations • User-segment and Applications development

  17. THANK YOU!!! KEY RESOURCES/DOCUMENTS…. • National GIS Vision Document (2011) http://moes.gov.in/national_gis.pdf • Perspectives for a National GI Policy (Including a National GI Policy draft) (2012) - http://www.nias.res.in/docs/R11-2012-GI-Policy.pdf • Karnataka State GIS Vision Document (2013) – http://karunadu.gov.in/ksac/documents/KGS-VISION%20DOCUMENT.pdf • GIS User Needs and Stakeholder consultation report for the state of Karnataka (2013) - http://karunadu.gov.in/ksac/documents/KGIS-STAKEHOLDER-BOOK.pdf • UAS Public Notification - http://dgca.nic.in/public_notice/PN-UAS.pdf

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