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Understanding Nanometers and the Promise of Nanotechnology in Modern Science

A nanometer, one billionth of a meter, is a fundamental unit in the emerging field of nanotechnology. This interdisciplinary arena generates excitement as it focuses on materials with dimensions between 1 to 100 nm, designed to exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Methods like top-down and bottom-up fabrication are crucial to this field, with tools such as Scanning Probe and Atomic Force Microscopes aiding research. Applications range from nanoelectronics to drug delivery systems. However, challenges remain in developing technology, foresight, credibility, and public policy formulation.

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Understanding Nanometers and the Promise of Nanotechnology in Modern Science

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Little Big Science - Gary Stix Arthi Perka

  2. What is a Nanometer? • A nanometer is a unit of spatial measurement that is 10-9 meter, or one billionth of a meter.

  3. Nanotechnology as an emerging field • Interdisciplinary • Nano generates the buzz • What`s in a name?

  4. Nanotechnology deals with materials and systems having these key properties: • they have atleast one dimension of about 1 to 100nm • they are designed through processes that exhibit control over the physical and chemical attributes of molecular-scale structures • they can be combined to form larger structures

  5. Fabrication • Top down approach • Bottom up approach Other tools • Scanning Probe Microscope • Scanning Tunneling Microscope • Atomic Force Microscope

  6. Beyond Silicon “Once conventional silicon electronics goes bust, new nanoelectronic devices are a good bet to replace them. A likely wager, though not a sure one.” • real applications in bio-nano • improvement of material properties • government hopes

  7. National Nanotechnology Initiative

  8. “Nanotechnology`s bid for respectability is colored by the word`s association with a cabal of futurists who foresee nano as a pathway to utopia.” • Eric Drexler`s : Engines Of Creation • Dangers of nanotechnology

  9. Dip-Pen Nanolithography

  10. Graphic of Lithography Words written on a silicon substrate using a carbon nanotube tip of 10nm in diameter

  11. Nanotechnology Highlights • Development of vault nanocapsules • Properties of deformed nanotubes • Magnetic microlevitation chips

  12. Development of Vault Nano Capsules • Vaults are abundant cellular particles found in all cells containing a nucleus • It is possible to produce large quantities of Major Vault Protein (MVP) • The protein is able to self-assemble into vault-like particles • UCLA scientists think that bioengineered vaults can aid in drug delivery, biological sensors, enzyme delivery, etc.

  13. Properties of Deformed Nanotubes • Stretching a CNT, using an atomic force microscope by less than 1% changes it from a metal similar to copper to a semi-conductor similar to Graphite or Silicon • By bending a CNT, the metallic region is confined to the bend- a very low noise source of free electrons

  14. Magnetic Microlevitation Chips • MMC use magnetic field to levitate/trap nanoscale particles • MMC has enormous potential for applications in chemistry, biochemistry, biology etc. • Assembling a chain of red blood cells in a magnetic trap inside a buffer solution

  15. Challenges of Nanotechnology • The Challenge of Technological Development • The Challenge of Technological Foresight • The Challenge of Credibility and Understanding • The Challenge of Formulating Public Policy

  16. References http://www.sciam.com http://www.nano.gov http://www.halcyon.com/nanojbl/NanoConProc/nanocon1.html http://nanospot.org http://www.foresight.org

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