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COWBOYS

COWBOYS. Original cowboys came from Mexico (Aztec prisoners) They eventually traveled into New Mexico teaching the Pueblo Indians how to ride and rope Today there are many influences from “cowboy” culture. COWBOYS.

igor-jacobson
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COWBOYS

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  1. COWBOYS • Original cowboys came from Mexico (Aztec prisoners) • They eventually traveled into New Mexico teaching the Pueblo Indians how to ride and rope • Today there are many influences from “cowboy” culture.

  2. COWBOYS • Let’s see if you can recognize the modern names for these “cowboy” influences

  3. Cowboy True or False? • The career of a cowboy lasted from about 25 years of age to about 40 years of age. • True • 40 was old for a cowboy because of the large amount of riding and work required.

  4. The most frequent cause of death for a cowboy was from Native American’s or cattle rustlers. • False • Pneumonia or riding accidents caused most cowboy deaths

  5. Cowboys had to be expert marksmen to protect the herd from cattle rustlers and Native American raiders. • False • A cowboy probably did not carry a gun and even more likely never shot anyone.

  6. Famous Cowboys… • …who were probably never cowboys. • James Butler “Wild Bill” Hickock • Martha Jane Cannary “Calamity Jane”

  7. Calamity Jane

  8. Cattle Drive Ranchers: Raised longhorn cattle a. Located in southern Great Plains (Texas) b. Profit from demand for beef growing in cities c. Cattle had to be “driven” to the railroads d. Long Drive- Long, dangerous trip: heat, Native Americans, rivers, storms usually happend once a year

  9. Great Plain Settlers Key trails helps western towns grow Chisolm Trial-Texas to Abilene, Kansas Baxter Trail- Texas to Kansas City, MO Goodnight-Loving Trial- Texas to Cheyenne, Wyo.

  10. The End of the Open West • Overgrazing • Drought and • Cold Caused farmers to focus on smaller herds The invention of Barbed wire helped them fence the herds The open west was no more (around 1887-88)

  11. Chisolm Trail

  12. Great Plain Settlers (3) Farmers-Lived on plots of land called homesteads a. Homestead Act (1862)- federal gov’t plan to give 160 acres of free land to any settler who world move out west and improve the land for 5 years. b. Exodusters- nickname for African Americans who moved out west to escape the problems of South and receive free land c. Lived in Sod Houses; Nicknamed a “Soddy” or “Soddies” d. Faced hardships: droughts, Native Americans attacks, loneliness

  13. Railroad opens the West • The federal government gave railroad companies a lot of land for laying track • 1867 two companies begin a race to the middle

  14. Central Pacific Railroad moved East from Sacramento, California • Union Pacific Railroad moved WEST from Omaha, Nebraska

  15. May 19, 1869 they met at Promontory Point, Utah

  16. Great Plain Settlers II.Problems Faced on the Great Plains a. Conflicts with Railroads 1. Railroads received huge land grants, then sold to settlers at higher prices 2. Railroads were the only link to East and West 3. Corrupt Business Practices of Railroads a. Monopolies- Few lines went through the Great Plains. Settlers faced high prices as a result b. High Freight Rates- amounts charged for shipping goods “Long haul vs. Short haul” dispute upset settlers

  17. Despite these problems thousands moved west to farm the land

  18. Lived in dugouts and soddies

  19. Women’s Life • P. 399

  20. John Green • Start at 8:00

  21. Great Plain Settlers e. Technology needed to make farming more productive on the Plains 1. Steel Plow-to break up the thick soil (sod) 2. Steel Windmill- needed to pump underground water 3. Mechanical Reaper- to harvest crops 4. Barbed Wire- to prevent animals from destroying crops 5. Transcontinental Railroad/Refrigerated Cars- to transport crops to market for sell

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