Elizabethan Renaissance 1485-1625

1. Elizabethan Renaissance1485-1625

2. Research What would be important for us to know that may have an effect on the literature of this period? What types of literature are prevalent? How is this different than the Medieval period? Victorian Period?

3. Databases

4. Think about this… Consider someone you love very much. What faults are among that person’s personality traits? Write one sentence that explains why you love that person anyway.

5. Sonnet 130 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;Coral is far more red, than her lips red:If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damasked, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowThat music hath a far more pleasing sound:I grant I never saw a goddess go, My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,As any she belied with false compare. Is this poem a put-down or a compliment?

6. What might a sonnet-writer say about this woman?

7. Sonnets 14-line lyric poems with a single theme Petrarchan Sonnet One octave abba abba and one sestet cdecde Spenserian Sonnet One octaveabab bcbc and one sestetcdcdee Shakespearian Sonnet Three quatrains abab cdcd efef – problem One couplet gg – resolves or restates

8. Elizabethan background Elizabethans believed that the lived in an orderly world based on a grand universal design. They imagined that the heavens were so perfectly balanced that the planets and stars created a glorious music

9. Sonnet 75 – Spenser, p. 238Sonnet 31 – Sydney, p. 239Sonnet 130 – Shakespeare, p. 256 Word? Style? Form? Technique?

10. Lie back, relax, and just tell me the first thing that comes to your mind... • Have you ever given in to temptation? • Do you believe in prophecies? • Do you believe everyone is in a personal battle of good versus evil?  • How do you decide what is good and what is evil? • Do you believe in witches? • What is the difference between greed and ambition?

11. Lie back, relax, and just tell me the first thing that comes to your mind... • Do you believe the adage, "You reap what you sow?" • You probably would not break your moral code for a stranger, but what about for a loved one? • If someone prophesied you would become someone of importance (i.e.-President, Homecoming King/Queen, etc), would you wait for it to happen or would you try to make it happen? Explain • Do you listen to your conscience?

12. Macbeth A man who wants to be king The obstacles he faces How he handles those obstacles Cloud of the supernatural

13. Fate, honor, ambition, guilt (1)define the concept (2) give examples that illustrate it (3) list some of the consequences associated with it (4) your first reaction to the concept.

14. Definition Examples Early experiences have a profound effect on the development of the unconscious I fell in a pool and almost drowned when I was 3 so now I don’t swim Freudianism Your reaction to the concept Consequences Choices are policed by prior experience

15. Form Shakespearian Sonnet Three quatrains abab cdcd efef - problem One couplet gg – resolves or restates often used to end a scene Blank verse iambic pentameter five poetic feet of stressed- unstressed syllables sounds the most like regular speech patterns Prose used by characters of a lower social standing

16. What reasons can you think of as to why Macbeth is first introduced to us through the witches . Explain what you think is meant by the paradoxical:  Fair is foul, foul is fair . Act I Three witches Macbeth is victorious in battle against Norwegians Witches prophesy to Macbeth and Banquo Lady Macbeth becomes involved in helping the prophesy to become manifest

17. Equivocation • Opposites are equated • Often becomes difficult to differentiate between the two

18. Scene 2 What impression do you gain of Macbeth from this description? The Thane of Cawdor was obviously a traitor. What does Duncan's comment No more that Thane of Cawdor shall deceive our bosom interest suggest about Duncan's former relationship with him? Given the fact that Macbeth was first mentioned by the witches, the idea of fair is foul, foul is fair was introduced in scene one and that Duncan was deceived by Cawdor, to what extent are you prepared to accept at face value the assessment of Macbeth as brave and noble? • The King gets an update on what happened in the battle against the Norwegians. • He learns that Macbeth slew the opposition’s leader and that the Thane of Cawdor was a traitor • He decrees that Macbeth is now the Thane of Cawdor

19. Scene 3 What does this episode suggest about the extent and the limits of the witches’ powers? Macbeth's entry is a shock because his first words echo those of the witches in scene one: So foul and fair a day I have not seen. What might this mean in a literal sense? What effect does it have on our initial response to Macbeth? Analyze Banquo's reaction to their prophesy regarding Macbeth. What does he suggest about Macbeth's reaction? What is significant about his use of the words fear and fair in this context? What does his challenge to the witches suggest about his character?

20. How does Banquo react to the news Ross and Angus bring? Macbeth's reaction takes the form of a metaphor why do you dress me In borrowed robes…Explain this metaphor. *The clothes metaphor is used throughout the play. Pay careful attention to how and why it is used whenever you come across it. Why does Banquo warn Macbeth about his reaction to the prophecies? What does this warning suggest about Banquo's understanding of Macbeth's character and ambitions? Paraphrase this warning. Macbeth's response comes in the form of a soliloquy.(A speech which reflects the thoughts of a character. It is heard by the audience but not by the other characters in the play.) Carefully read from the start of Macbeth's soliloquy to the end of the scene. Paraphrase this soliloquy. What does the soliloquy suggest about Macbeth's state of mind? What decision does Macbeth come to? Explain Banquo's use of a clothing metaphor.

21. Scene 4 How does Duncan's comment: There's no art  find the mind's construction in the face reflect the fair is foul theme? What does Duncan say to each of Macbeth and Banquo? How does each respond? How does Macbeth react to the naming of Malcolm as heir to the throne? What does Macbeth mean when he says: Stars hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires: The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be  What the eye fears, when it is done, to see?

22. Scene 5 – 7: The Lady and her Man What does the tone of Macbeth's letter suggest about his relationship with her? Explain her assessment of Macbeth and his ambition. How does she see her role?  Carefully read her " unsex me" soliloquy. a) What is she attempting to do? b) What do the lines: Come thick night, and pall the in the dunnest smoke of hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,  Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark,  To cry 'Hold hold!' suggest about her psychological state?

23. Carefully read Macbeth's soliloquy in scene 7. a) What does he mean byIf it were done when 'tis done ,then 'twere well It were done quickly. If th' assassination Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, With his surcease, success; that but this blow Might be the be-all and end-all-here, But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,  We'd jump the life to come. ? b) What arguments does he provide against the assassination? c) What motive does he provide for the murder? d) Analyze Lady Macbeth's response to his declaration that he will proceed no further in the business. What tactics does she use to persuade him? What does the tone of her attack upon him suggest about her psychological state? What is it that finally persuades him?

24. Strands/Motifs thusfar • Clothing • Fair is foul

25. Interdisciplinary connections • Identify a person in history that is similar to Macbeth or Lady Macbeth • Explain your choice with specific details • Intro paragraph with specific thesis • ACE body paragraph structure

26. Act II • Macbeth prepares to kill Duncan • Lady Macbeth continues to emasculate her husband • The world begins to reflect the evil that has taken place Elizabethans believed that the lived in an orderly world based on a grand universal design. They imagined that the heavens were so perfectly balanced that the planets and stars created a glorious music

27. Examine the dialogue between Macbeth and Banquo at the start of the scene. How would you describe Macbeth's state of mind? In what ways is he different to the man we saw at the end of Act One? Read the "Is this a dagger..." soliloquy carefully. Paraphrase the soliloquy. How does this speech use imagery of light and darkness? Choose three metaphors from the speech and explore how they are used. In what ways does this soliloquy represent an apparent change in Macbeth?

33. How important is a gift on Valentine’s Day? Do you believe everything you hear? How do you react when someone disappoints you? Are you the jealous type? Are bi-racial relationships riddled with problems?

34. 10 min Cultural Rules What rules dictate the behavior of young men and women in relationships today? Name a situation where the rules have CLEARLY been violated; what are things that nice girls just don’t do? What are things that nice boys just don’t do? Why do these rules exists? Are they local, regional, country-wide, world-wide? What is the consequence for breaking these rules? In groups of three, discuss these questions?

35. Judging from the research you did and the questions from today, make some EDUCATED predictions about The Tragedy of Othello. Then list any questions that come to mind when you look at all your information.

36. Othello writing assignment #1 Write about a time when you were jealous of someone. How did you feel? How did you react to this person? What do you wish you could change about your reactions? One page response due tomorrow

37. The Tragedy of Othello Othello, the Moor – protagonist Iago – Othello’s soldier Cassio – Othello’s soldier Desdemona – Othello’s love Brabantio – Desdemona’s father Roderigo – Iago’s friend

38. Act I 1. What was Iago's complaint in Scene I? 2. Who was Brabantio, and why did Iago and Roderigo awaken him in the middle of the night? 3. Why did Iago leave Roderigo at Brabantio's house? 4. What was Brabantio's reaction to Othello's marriage to Desdemona? 5. Why did the Duke send for Othello? 6. Brabantio complains to the Duke about Othello's marriage to Desdemona. After listening to both sides of the story, what was the Duke's reply? 7. What was Roderigo's complaint, and what was Iago's reply to it?

39. Soap Opera cliffhanger Create a cliffhanger to summarize Act I. Be sure to include actions, motivations and predictions.

40. Line study - Homework Find lines that express these emotions: Bitter Loving Angry Hurt Insulted Sad Resigned Cautioning Disgusted Hateful

41. Act II - quiz 1. Why did Iago want Roderigo to anger Cassio? 2. What was the purpose of Iago's plan? 3. Why did Iago want Cassio to drink more wine? 4. What lie did Iago tell Montano about Cassio? 5. Why did Othello strip Cassio of his rank? 6. Why did Iago want Cassio to ask Desdemona for help in restoring Othello's faith in Cassio?

42. Act II 1. Why did Iago want Roderigo to anger Cassio? So he will fight 2. What was the purpose of Iago's plan? To disgrace Cassio and cause him to loose his position that Iago believes is rightfully his 3. Why did Iago want Cassio to drink more wine?So Cassio will get drunk and Iago can follow his plan 4. What lie did Iago tell Montano about Cassio? That Cassio has a drinking problem and he has too much responsibility to maintain with that kind of personal issue 5. Why did Othello strip Cassio of his rank? Mutiny 6. Why did Iago want Cassio to ask Desdemona for help in restoring Othello's faith in Cassio? So that Cassio would be seen talking to Desdemona and he could then continue to weave his web of deception

43. Character Analysis Iago How is he described? What are his actions? What are the motivations for those actions? How do others respond to those actions? What conflicts does he face?

44. Rhetorical Study of Iago How does Iago use language to deceive others? Find examples of his useage of the following literary terms: appeals to reason, emotions, and character (logos, pathos, ethos) metaphor intimidation repetition (of specific words and ideas) imagery leading questions

45. Act III Scenes 1 and 2 • Iago tells Cassio that he will fix it so that Emilia will distract Othello so that Cassio can talk to Desdemona about getting his position back. • Desdemona has pleaded to her husband for Cassio, but Othello fears that Montano’s influence will not permit him to reinstate Cassio.

46. 1. Why didn't Iago simply tell Othello right away that Desdemona and Cassio were having an affair? 2. What thing did Emilia find and give to Iago? What did Iago intend to do with it? 3. What was Iago's reply when Othello demanded proof of his wife's disloyalty? 4. What did Othello decide and command at the end of Scene III? 5. What was Emilia's relationship with Iago? Desdemona? 6. Who had the handkerchief at the end of Act III? Why? Act III Scene 3

47. Act IV Othello interrogates Emilia about Desdemona’s behavior, but Emilia 1._______________________ . Othello tells Emilia to summon Desdemona, implying while Emilia is gone that she is a “bawd,” or female pimp (IV.ii.21). When Emilia returns with Desdemona, Othello sends Emilia to guard the door. Alone with Desdemona, Othello weeps and 2.______________________________ ______. When Desdemona fervently denies being unfaithful, Othello sarcastically replies that he begs her pardon: he took her for the “cunning whore of Venice” who married Othello (IV.ii.93). Othello storms out of the room, and Emilia comes in to comfort her mistress. Desdemona tells Emilia to lay her wedding sheets on the bed for that night.

48. At Desdemona’s request, Emilia brings in Iago, and Desdemona tries to find out from 3._________________________________. Emilia says to her husband that Othello must have been deceived by some villain, the same sort of villain who made Iago suspect 4._________________________________________________. Iago assures Desdemona that Othello is merely upset by some official business, and a trumpet flourish calls Emilia and Desdemona away to dinner with the Venetian emissaries.

49. Roderigo enters, furious that he is still frustrated in his love, and ready to make himself known in his suit to Desdemona so that she might return all of the jewels that Iago was supposed to have given her from him. Iago tells Roderigo that Cassio is being assigned to Othello’s place. Iago also lies, saying that Othello is being sent to Mauritania, in Africa, although he is really being sent back to Venice. He tells Roderigo that the only way to prevent Othello from taking Desdemona away to Africa with him would be to 5. ________________________________

50. How important is your reputation? Reputation is an idle and most false imposition, oft got without merit and lost without deserving. Discuss the importance of this quote to the play thus far