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Strategies for Effective Mobile Emission Reductions Overview

Explore the impact of national and local mobile control strategies, including fuel changes and transportation control measures, on reducing mobile emissions of VOCs and NOx. Evaluate the effectiveness of I/M programs and the potential benefits of VMT changes and doubling transit. Analyze the implications of regulatory vs voluntary measures and address key policy issues for decision-making.

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Strategies for Effective Mobile Emission Reductions Overview

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  1. Mobile Source Control Strategies

  2. Overview • Reductions from national controls • Reduction potential of local mobile controls • Perspective

  3. Mobile Emission Reductions from National Controls Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 37% 54% 40% 54% 46% 51%

  4. Additional Mobile Controls • Fuel Changes • I/M Programs • Transportation Control Measures

  5. Mobile VOC Reductions from National Controls Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 54% Year

  6. Additional VOC Reductions With I/M Programs Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 4% 6% 12%

  7. Mobile NOx Reductions from National Controls Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 54% Year

  8. Additional NOx Reductions With I/M Programs Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 0% 3% 7% Year

  9. I/M Policy Issues • Low reductions from non-OBD programs • Assume OBD is effective technology • OBD benefits may be overestimated • How does this compare to other options?

  10. Transportation Control Measures(TCM)

  11. VMT and Emissions Trends VMT (millions/day) Mobile Emissions (1,000s kg/day) Year

  12. Additional VOC Reductions With VMT Changes Mobile Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 4.7% Year

  13. Additional NOx Reductions With VMT Changes Mobile Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 4.8% Year

  14. Additional VOC Reductions With Doubling of Transit Mobile Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 1.0% 4.7% Year

  15. Additional NOx Reductions With Doubling of Transit Mobile Emissions (1,000s kg/day) 0.4% 4.5% Year

  16. TCM Policy Issues • Projected benefits less certain • Emissions show little sensitivity to VMT changes • Success dependent on behavioral changes – Enforceable? • Regulatory vs. voluntary

  17. Conclusions • National controls are producing major reductions • Additional reductions from local controls are small in comparison • I/M (OBD) benefits in similar range as fuels • Changes in VMT have diminishing impacts

  18. Decision-Making Questions • What are we trying to accomplish? • Are there common denominators in the answer to that question? • Is there “value-added” by implementing some programs in multi-state areas?

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