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The Roaring Twenties

Chapter 32. The Roaring Twenties. Communism in America. “Red Scare” – 1919-1920, At. Gen. Palmer leads charge Restricted free speech Anti-redism and anti-foreignism. Ku Klux Klan.

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The Roaring Twenties

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  1. Chapter 32 The Roaring Twenties

  2. Communism in America • “Red Scare” – 1919-1920, At. Gen. Palmer leads charge • Restricted free speech • Anti-redism and anti-foreignism

  3. Ku Klux Klan • antiforeign, anti-Catholic, anti-black, anti-Jewish, antipacifist, anti-Communist, anti-internationalist, antievolutionist, antibootlegger, antigambling, antiadultery, and anti-birth control. • 5 million members • Collapsed in the late 1920s due to embezzlement and the Grand Dragon was convicted of murder

  4. Conservative Reaction to Change • Conservative Right vs. Modernist Left • Prohibitionist • Nativists • Fundamentalists

  5. Immigration-laws aimed at curbing incoming immigrants Emergency Quota Actof 1921 Ended unrestricted immigration Set a 3% limit each nation based on 1910 census Immigration National Origins Act-1924 • Set limit at 2% based on 1890 census, aimed at Southern and Eastern European and Asian immigrants

  6. Prohibition • 18th amendment in 1919 • Volstead Act, 1920 • Ineffective, Unenforced • Smuggling • Speakeasies

  7. Coors • Sold malted milk to the Mars Candy Corp. • “near beer” – non alcoholic beer • Porcelain • One of the only breweries to survive

  8. Gangsters • Wanted control of booze market • Involved in prostitution, gambling, drugs, and kidnapping • Al Capone most famous • Sentenced to 11 years for tax evasion

  9. A Fight over Evolution • Christian Fundamentalist want the teaching of evolution to be banned • John Scopes, biology teacher goes to trial • State of TN hires WJ Bryan • Scopes found guilty but later overturned

  10. Automobile • Led to industrial revolution in the 1920s • Henry Ford • Model T (black only) • 20million by 1930 • Led to many new jobs/industries

  11. Cultural Revolution • Lindberg became 1st man to fly solo across the Atlantic • “Spirit of St. Louis” • Radiobroadcasts – education • Motion pictures • WWI propaganda • Margaret Sanger – birth control movement • Sigmund Freud • Sexual repression

  12. The Lost Generation • Authors and poets • Not pleased with the consumerism of the 1920s • F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gertrude Stein, Erza Pound, Earnest Hemingway

  13. Literature • WWI led to an increase of literature • H.L. Mencken attacked marriage, patriotism, democracy, and prohibition in his monthly American Mercury. • F. Scott Fitzgerald:The Great Gatsby in 1925. • Earnest Hemingway • He responded to propaganda and the overblown appeal to patriotism.  • He wrote of disillusioned, spiritually numb American expatriates in Europe in The Sun Also Rises (1926) • Sinclair Lewis wrote Main Street (1920) and Babbitt (1922). • Sherwood Anderson wrote Winesburg, Ohio (1919). • Architecture also became popular as materialism and functionalism increased-Frank Lloyd Wright

  14. Harlem Renaissance • Center of African American culture • Changed perception of African Americans, greater social consciousness of abilities of ALL • Writers and musicians • Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen • Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington

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