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WWI: Total War. Grade 10 History. What is a Total War?. Total War. Conflict of unlimited scope Total mobilization of resources (Human, industrial, military, agricultural, technological. Etc) Total mobilization of resources used in the belief that they will weaken opposition’s resistance.
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WWI: Total War Grade 10 History
Total War • Conflict of unlimited scope • Total mobilization of resources (Human, industrial, military, agricultural, technological. Etc) • Total mobilization of resources used in the belief that they will weaken opposition’s resistance
War on the Home front • WWI was a war that involved both soldiers and citizens at home • War involved all sections of society • War put great stress on Canadian society
War & Agriculture • Why did WWI impact farming and Agriculture in Europe? • Most of men off to war • WWI battles impacted farmland in Europe • Resulted in food shortages • How were soldiers and civilians going to be fed?
Soldiers + Farmers • More than three fifths of soldiers fighting in Europe were farmers • This meant that Farming was now to be the responsibility of women and children
Impact on Food Production • Land used for wheat farming doubled • Cheese exports tripled • Pork and Beef exports reached astounding numbers • EXPORT to Europe • Therefore, Canadian home front was geared to support the troops
Victory Gardens • Government sponsored propaganda posters that influenced people to plant “Victory Gardens” • When soldiers went overseas, food production dropped • Rationing introduced where Canadians had to “tighten their belts” • People were able to sustain themselves during a period of war and food shortage
Industry & War Effort • Prior to WWI Canadian factories solely produced goods for Canadian market • War provided Canadian businessmen to make a profit • Canadian business started to focus on manufacturing weapons for allied forces • Shell cases, explosives being produced on mass to support war effort in Europe • Uniforms, equipment, and medical supplies were also a product being sent over to Europe
Women Efforts & WWI • From the Kitchen floor to the factory floor • Paid less than men • Worked long hours • Hard labor • First wave of Feminism
What is Profiteering? • Business men started to take advantage of the home front situation • Not sell products overseas until got the best price • Use cheap materials to manufacture products • Canned meat sometimes came from disease animals • Bribery to get government contracts
War Measures Act • Canada, especially Canada’s West, was predominately settled by Eastern Europeans • Clifford Sifton • Eastern European Settlers were discriminated against and seen as security risks • “Enemy Aliens” • Ukranians were targeted because were part of Austrian empire • Imprisoned and sent to work camps
Victory Bonds • War was very expensive • No taxes were implemented so how was government going to pay for war expensives? • Refer to worksheet? • Government asked Canadians to buy victory bonds • Could cash in Bonds after the war and get your money back with interest