ECOLOGY QUIZ MULTIPLE CHOICE November 26th

1. ECOLOGY QUIZ MULTIPLE CHOICE November 26th

2. Question 1

3. Question 2

4. Question 3

5. Question 4

6. Question 5

7. Question 6

8. Question 7

9. Question 8

10. Question 9

11. Question 10

12. Question 11

13. Question 12

14. Question 13

15. Question 14

16. Question 15

17. Question 16

18. Question 17

19. Question 18

20. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

21. Question 1 Temperature Water Breeding sites Food supply Territory (5)

22. Question 2 Different species needing the same resource Harmful organism living in or on another Two species that both benefit from living together Consumer that feeds on plants (2)

23. Question 3 Predation occurs when a consumer kills and eats another consumer. E. g. The giant anteater is the predator and the ants and termites are the preys Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship. The parasite gains an advantage to the cost of the host, which may be killed. E.g. Parasite: African eye worm, Host: Humans (2)

24. Question 4 Explain the significance of the principle of competitive exclusion. no two species can coexist in same niche;one is displaced / one survives;one species has an advantage over competitor /species compete with each other;description of (Gause' s) experiments with Paramecium; [3] (3)

25. Question 5 Explain what is meant by the niche concept. (2)

26. Question 6 Define the term gross production.(1) Question 7 Explain why the gross production of a species in an ecosystem is always higher than the net production. (2) net production is gross production minus respiration;all species respire; Question 8 Outline the changes in the gross production of an ecosystem during ecological succession. (2) gross production rises;as small plants are replaced by larger plants;eventually stabilizes;more stratification as leaf area index increases;

27. Question 9 The total solar energy received by a grassland is 5 × l05 kJ m–2 y–1. The net production of the grassland is 5 × 102 kJ m–2 y–1 and its gross production is 6 × l02 kJ m–2 y–1. The total energy passed on to primary consumers is 60 kJ m–2 y–1. Only 10 % of this energy is passed on to the secondary consumers. Calculate the energy lost by plant respiration.(2) (b) Construct a pyramid of energy for this grassland.(1) plant respiration = gross production – net production / 6 × 102 kJ m–2 y –1 – 5 × 102 kJ m –2 y –1;= 1 × 102 / 100 kJ m–2 y –1; 2Units required.

28. Question 10

29. Question 11 The cane toad introduced to Australia It was introduced to control agricultural crop pests on sugar cane. Its toxic secretion and skin is a threat to other animals and predator, as well as Human that come in contact.

30. Question 12 (1) Question 13 (3)

31. Question 14 Sympson diversity index determines species richness of ecosystem;higher the index the greater the diversity;changes in the index indicate environmental change;so community B has a higher species richness;

32. HL extension (4) cheaper than ex situ conservation;species continues to evolve in the natural environment;larger populations can be maintained bigger breeding pool /more genetic variation;species will be behaving normally in the natural environment /less stress / injury to animals during capture / transport;species will not have to adapt to special diets;species can have large territories/space; (4)

33. HL extension (3)