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Change in Office Hours

Change in Office Hours. Wednesday 10am -12pm, Social Science and Media Studies Building, Room 3013. What is Globalization?. Key Terms. The State The Nation Hegemony Colonialism Neocolonialism. What is the State?.

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Change in Office Hours

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  1. Change in Office Hours • Wednesday 10am -12pm, Social Science and Media Studies Building, Room 3013.

  2. What is Globalization?

  3. Key Terms • The State • The Nation • Hegemony • Colonialism • Neocolonialism

  4. What is the State? • Max Weber (2009) defines the state as a human community that successfully claims the monopoly of disciplinary power through the legitimate use of physical force in a given territory. • Pierre Boudieu (1999) builds on Weber’s classic definition to include monopoly of physical and symbolic violence over a territory and its population.

  5. What is the Nation? • The term ‘nation’ “referred to a 'people' defined on the basis both of belonging to the territory of the state and having a common cultural and ethnic background” (Castles and Davidson 2000: 6-7).

  6. What is Hegemony? • Term coined by Italian Antonio Gramsci, who wrote The Prison Notebooks while a political prisoner in fascist Italy. • Hegemony examines capitalist appropriation of power as underpinned by • A. the combination of moral, political and cultural values to achieve ideological consensus • B. Consensus can be achieved via two means • 1. Consent: intellectual moral inducement (i.e. the media) • 2. Coercion: direct force or threat of using violent means

  7. Colonialism & Neocolonialism • Colonialism framed institutions that protected private property abroad. The unequal economic relationship centered on: • Violence • resource bondage (extraction of raw materials) in colonized countries for export. • Production of primary commodities in industrialized metropolitan centers • Neocolonialism – preserved private property relationship, and continued unequal economic relationship centered on: • foreign direct investment (FDI) utilized to modernize and develop the productive capacity of primary commodities in previously colonized countries • Technological rents fueled accrual of debt of FDI loans in developing countries • Continued overt and covert violence

  8. Theories Used to Study Globalization

  9. Marxist Tradition • Focused on class relations under different historical modes of production. • These modes of production included: • 1. primitive: the separation of producer to the means of production • 2. slave labor: slave and slave-owner • 3. feudal relationships: serf and feudal lords • 4. capitalist: bourgeoisie and proletariat • 5. communist: proletariat regain means of production.

  10. Modernization & Dependency Theories • Modernization theory: • problem-solving policy oriented approach that promotes development, but is uncritical of unequal relationship between rich and poor countries. Popularized by President Truman’s Point Four Program of Development Aid • Dependency Theory: • Builds from Marxist classical theories of imperialism to study its effects in postcolonial settings • Colonial capital continues to subordinate postcolonial economies through unequal terms of exchange in commodities • Does not lead to modernization but to underdevelopment • Calls for a break with neocolonial world capitalist system

  11. World System Theory • Coined by Sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein in the 1970s • Identifies capitalist economy (or world-economy), since the 16th century, as composed of a single division of labor. • Under single division of labor exist different modes of surplus expropriation (feudal, slave, wage labor) • Systemic Inequality is sustained by a three-layered division of nation-states: a. Core b. semi-periphery c. periphery • Governance of World System can be shaped by a common political system, world empire, and when it does not, it is run by a world economy.

  12. World-System Theory’s (cont.) Semi-periphery Periphery TCC • United States • European Union • Canada • Japan • China • Russian Federation • Oil Rich Arab Nations

  13. Governance Structures of World-System • Multinational Corporations • The World Bank • International Monetary Fund (IMF) • World Trade Organization

  14. Outcomes of Globalization • Spread of Islamic fundamentalist movements • Spread of transnational social movements • Spread of transnational advocacy networks • Spread of the Global Justice Movement and • Feminist Movements

  15. The State & Social Movements • Using the world-system as the primary unit of analysis, what is the relationship of the state to social movements?

  16. Sociology of Social Movements • Opportunities and Resources • Mobilizing Structures • Framing Processes

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