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Randy Capps, The Urban Institute

Randy Capps, The Urban Institute. Demographics of Children in Immigrant Families. “Immigrants and Health Policy: Implications for SCHIP Reauthorization” Congressional Briefing April 20, 2007. 40 Million + (2010). 35.7 Million (2006). 14.8 Percent. 13 + Percent (2010). 12.1 Percent

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Randy Capps, The Urban Institute

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  1. Randy Capps, The Urban Institute • Demographics of Children in • Immigrant Families “Immigrants and Health Policy: Implications for SCHIP Reauthorization” Congressional Briefing April 20, 2007

  2. 40 Million + (2010) 35.7 Million (2006) 14.8 Percent 13 + Percent (2010) 12.1 Percent (2006) 4.7 Percent 36 Million Immigrants Total:12% of U.S. Population

  3. Children of Immigrants: One in Five Share of U.S. Children under Age 18 Children of Immigrants Born in U.S. Foreign-Born Sources: Urban Institute Tabulations from 2005 CPS, March Demographic and Economic Supplement; 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Census Integrated Public Use Microdata Samples (IPUMS). Note: Children of Immigrants have at least one parent born outside the United States. Immigrants exclude individuals born in Puerto Rico.

  4. 2/3 of Immigrants Lived in 6 States, 2000 6 Main Destination States (67% of Immigrants in 2000) Immigration Categories

  5. But Top 10 States with Fastest Growing F.B. Pops. Are Different 6 Main Destination States (67% of Immigrants in 2000) Top 10 Growth States 1990-2000 (135-274%) Immigration Categories

  6. 22 States Grew Faster than “Big 6” from 1990 to 2000 6 Main Destination States (67% of Immigrants in 2000) 22 New Growth States (1990-2000 > 91%) Top 10 Growth States 1990-2000 (135-274%) Immigration Categories

  7. Southeast Had 7 of 10 Fastest Growing F.B. Populations, 2000-2005 THE URBAN INSTITUTE / Washington, D.C. Percent Growth in Foreign-Born Population, 2000-2005 US Avg. 16% SOURCE: Migration Policy Institute Data Hub

  8. But These Fast Growing States Had Low F.B. Population Shares in 2005 THE URBAN INSTITUTE / Washington, D.C. Percent Growth in Foreign-Born Population, 2000-2005 US Avg. 12% SOURCE: Migration Policy Institute Data Hub

  9. U.S.: Half of Immigrants from Latin America (31% Mexico), 1/4 from Asia Other Latin America and Spanish Speaking Caribbean 6.5 million (18%) Mexico 11 million (31%) Africa & West Indies 2.8 million (8%) Europe, Oceania, and North America 5.9 million (17%) Asia 9.5 million (27%) 35.7 Million Foreign-Born (2005 U.S. American Community Survey)

  10. 3 in 10 U.S. Immigrants Are Unauthorized Unauthorized immigrants (11.1 million) 30% Refugees (2.6 million) 7% Legal temporary residents (1.3 million) 3% Legal permanent residents (LPR) (10.5 million) 28% Naturalized citizens (11.5 million) 31% 37 Million Foreign-Born in 2005 (Passel 2006)

  11. Mixed Status Families • 1+ Non-Citizen Adults and 1+ Citizen Children • 9.6 Million U.S. Children • 13% of all U.S. Children60% of Kids in Immigrant Families 84% of Kids in Non-Citizen Families • In Legal Immigrant (LPR) Families --86% of Kids are Citizens!! (March 2005 Current Population Survey, Imputed)

  12. Young Children of Immigrants (0-5) Most Likely to be U.S. Citizens (March 2004 Current Population Survey)

  13. Children of ImmigrantsIncreasingly Poor Percent of K-12 Students in Families Below 100% of Poverty African-American children* Children of immigrants White, not Hispanic children* * Includes children of both immigrants and natives. Source: Van Hook & Fix (2000); Urban Institute tabulations from C2SS PUMS. Excludes Puerto Ricans.

  14. Children of Immigrants Have High Levels of Economic Hardship (1999 National Survey of America’s Families)

  15. 1/3 of Young Children of Immigrants (0-5) Linguistically Isolated (2000 Census, 5 percent PUMS)

  16. Benefits Use Low in Low-IncomeWorking* Immigrant Families * Low-income working families are families with children, incomes below 200 percent of the federal poverty level, and adults who worked at least 1,000 hours on average in 2001. (2002 National Survey of America’s Families)

  17. SCHIP, Medicaid Changes, Outreach Improve Access • Outreach: • Eligibility rules • Public charge, other immigration concerns • More points of access in the community: • Hospitals, clinics, CBOs, e.g. • Application assistance/pre-screening • Simpler application procedures: • Less verification • Mail in, fax, internet applications • In-person interviews at offices not required (2001 Urban Institute study of Medicaid and SCHIP application process in 6 states)

  18. Medicaid/SCHIP points of access Hos-pitals Mail Health Plans Schools Application Processing Health Fairs Welfare/ Medicaid Offices Health Clinics CBOs Call Centers (2001 Urban Institute study of Medicaid and SCHIP application process in 6 states)

  19. Immigrants’ Kids’ Access to SCHIP May Vary across States • New growth states (e.g., Southeast) have high undocumented shares; population more settled in major immigrant states. • English proficiency levels also likely lower in new growth states. • Bilingual capacity also lower in new growth states (but mostly Spanish required). • More languages, diversity in major states. • Fiscal capacity lower in most new growth states; higher in major states.

  20. For more information,contact: • Randy Capps • Immigration Studies Program • Center on Labor, • Human Services, and Population • Urban Institute • 2100 M St., NW • Washington, DC 20037 rcapps@ui.urban.org (202) 261-5302

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