Guide to Decision-Making

1. Guide to Decision-Making Tutorial

2. Decisions! Decisions! Decisions! You�ve come to the point where you have to make some choices. You�ve learned more about yourself: what you like, what you�re good at, and what your values are. You�ve found some occupations that seem to match your personality. You�ve done the research and learned more about these occupations. The next step is to evaluate your options and make a choice.

3. Your Goal�. Your goal should be to find the most appropriate occupation, not the �right� one.

4. This tutorial will introduce you to a five step decision-making module and guide you in applying the principles as you make career decisions.

5. Laying the Groundwork Making a decision can be very easy or difficult, depending on the amount of information you have about your choices. In choosing a career path, it is important to think about many factors, like the kind of decision-maker you are, what decision-making style you use, and things that can interfere with the decision-making process.

6. What Kind of Decision Maker Are You? Decided people who independently integrate knowledge about self and options that enable them to develop a satisfying and beneficial career plan Undecided people who have not made a commitment to an occupational choice Indecisive people who are unable to make a career decision and often find it difficult to make plans in all areas of life, and generally focus on outside events or people when making decisions

7. Decision-Making Styles Which style do you use when making decisions? Planning: You weigh all the facts first, then decide. Impulsive: You don�t look before you leap. You just decide. Intuitive: Your decision is based on what feels right. Compliant: Anything you say. Whatever someone else says or thinks�you do it.

8. Decision-Making Styles Which style do you use when making decisions? Fatalistic: You leave it up to fate. Whatever happens just happens. Agonizing: You can�t decide because you keep thinking�What if? I don�t know what to do Paralytic: Can�t face up to it so you don�t decide. Delaying: You put off making a decision and say, �I�ll cross that bridge later.�

9. Things that Interfere with Decision Making Family (e.g., parents, spouses, children.) People who are highly interconnected with another family member can have difficulty separating themselves emotionally and psychologically in decision making. They may lack a distinction between what they want and what the family member thinks they should have. A lack of agreement among family members also present problems.

10. Things that Interfere with Decision Making Personal Being tired, run down, stressed, anxious, and unable to focus and concentrate on the decision-making activity will not ensure good performance. Society Age, gender, ethnic prejudice and discrimination are factors that can affect your decisions, as well as, economic recessions (i.e., job demand for a particular occupation is low) and job growth.

11. The CASVE Cycle A cycle can be used to show the steps in making a career choice Pronounced ca-sa-vee Adapted from: Sampson, J.P., Jr., Peterson, G.W., Lenz, J.G., & Reardon, R.C. (1992). A cognitive approach to career services: Translating concepts into practice. Career Development Quarterly, 41. 67-74 �Common Difficulties in Decision Making� developed by Ontario Women�s Directorate and Times Change and from www.langara.bc.ca/counseling/career/decision.html

12. CASVE Cycle

13. CASVE Cycle

14. CASVE CycleStep #1: Communication Knowing I need to make a choice Before you begin to gather information, you will need to define what it is you are trying to decide.

15. CASVE CycleStep #2: Analysis Understanding myself and my options To make an informed career decision and prior to any exploration of the world of work, it is important to have a good understanding of your own personal attributes. Take steps to improve self knowledge (e.g., skills, interests, values) via career assessments. Take steps to improve knowledge about options with regards to occupations, college majors, work organizations and job industries. Ask yourself: What motivates me? What do I enjoy doing? What are my skills and values? Where do I envision myself working?

16. CASVE CycleStep #3: Synthesis Expanding and narrowing my list of options Identify occupations, majors, or jobs that match your values, interests, and skills. Read books, search the Internet, and talk to individuals in the field to learn more about the occupation. Explore issues such as salary, duties and responsibilities, job outlook, and educational requirements. Obtain internship or cooperative education positions. Seek additional assistance from a career counselor or through the career services website. Narrow your list of options to three or five.

17. CASVE CycleStep #4: Valuing Choosing an occupation, major or job Consider each alternative in terms of costs (consequences) and benefits to yourself, your family, your community, and your cultural group. Rank or Prioritize your options from the Synthesis stage. Make a choice. Make back-up choice (s) in case you have a problem with your first choice.

18. CASVE CycleStep #5: Execution Implementing my choice Design a plan of action and implement the decision. Reframe your 1st alternative as a goal and then focus on the concrete, active things that will lead you to accomplishing the goal. Identify when to begin and end each step in the action plan. Be realistic Consider life circumstances (family, work, etc.) Consider potential obstacles and how you can handle them. Determine what resources and information are needed to complete each step in the action plan. Evaluate your progress from time to time. Change your decision if necessary.

19. Remember! Career problems are continuous�they tend to build upon one another. Using the CASVE cycle to solve one problem will lead to using it again to solve the next problem. e.g. choosing a college leads to how to pay for it, which leads to when to start. Where are you in the CASVE cycle?

20. Need More Help? For additional information, visit Career Services in Smith House. To schedule an appointment with a career counselor, complete the Talk to a Career Counselor form on our Website http://www.mcdanielcareers.org