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Where does corn fit into my forage production system?

Where does corn fit into my forage production system?. Jean Brisson. agr . R&D Valacta. Introduction Interesting to grow corn? Corn feeds Corn silage Earlage / Snaplage Corn grain Conclusions. Outline. Introduction. Corn market. Soybean meal market. Lower price in fall?.

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Where does corn fit into my forage production system?

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  1. Where does corn fit into my forage production system? Jean Brisson. agr. R&D Valacta

  2. Introduction Interesting to grow corn? Corn feeds Corn silage Earlage/Snaplage Corn grain Conclusions Outline

  3. Introduction

  4. Corn market

  5. Soybeanmealmarket

  6. Lower price in fall? Source: http://www.fpccq.qc.ca/Files/prix_Cr_grains.pdf

  7. Quebec corn market(2009 to 2013) Source: http://www.fpccq.qc.ca/Files/prix_Cr_grains.pdf

  8. Feedcost • Do you know yourfeedcost? • Do you know yourconcentratecost? • $/hl • $/kg quota • $/ton • Do you know yourmilk to concentrate ratio? • Do you know yourcost of production of forage?

  9. To grow corn • Corn is demanding • Heat • Water • Competition • Soil pH • Nutrients • If you don’t do everything right, it shows from the road…

  10. To grow corn • It is possible to grow corn where it was not possible 25-30 years ago • Climate change • Corn genetic

  11. To grow corn • Yield is so important! • Ton per hectare • Quality is so important! • ADF is key item to watch

  12. To grow corn • Do you measure yield on your farm? • Pretty easy to figure out • Silage box holds • 16 feet :1.7 ton dry matter • 18 feet: 2.0 tons • 24 feet: 2.6 tons

  13. Corn silageyield varies a lot

  14. Corn grower can: Corn silage Cut high or low Snaplage/Earlage Corn grain High moisture Dry Corn feeds

  15. Corn plant composition PartAverage (D.M.) Grain 20-50% Stalk17-40% Leaves15-25% Cob 6-10%

  16. Corn silage plant composition Mike Allen. 1995

  17. Potentially high yield crop According to La FinancièreAgricole: 4.8 to 16.6 t. dry matter /ha as compared with grass (1.6 to 6.7t./ha) Usually palatable feed Conservation is good most of the time Potentially high energy forage Harvesting is easier than grass silage Can be harvested 24 hours per day if needed Requires a lot of Nitrogen (manure user) Corn silage may fit

  18. Low protein Low mineral Require more storage capacity Corn silage has its limitation

  19. Decades ago, corn silage has been blamed for health problem like: Fat cow syndrome Ketosis DA’s Low production Corn silage based ration along with average quality grass silage requires quite a bit of protein supplementation to cover the needs Ration has to be well balanced to deliver good performances Corn silage isn’t a magic feed

  20. Forage base program in Valacta herds (2012)

  21. Herd performance with and without corn silage Source : Valacta. August 2008

  22. More milkwith corn silage

  23. More milk with corn silage but not always!

  24. Corn silage

  25. Feedcostwith and without corn silagedepends on corn and soybeanmealmarket - 48 $ - 70 $ - 71 $ + 37 $

  26. Only good corn silagewilldeliver good performances What are the features of good corn silage?

  27. Composition varies quite a bit Source: Valacta lab

  28. Composition varies quite a bit Source: Valacta lab

  29. Pick the right hybrid for yourneeds Source: Rankin. M., University of Wisconsin

  30. Harvestedat the right moisture Source: Shaver, Tri-State Nutrition Conference, 2012

  31. Relationship between grain maturity and whole plant moisture (1990 - 1999) Harvestat the right stage Source: Leduc, Pioneer, 2009

  32. Kernel processor Source: Shaver, Tri-State Nutrition Conference, 2012

  33. Kernel processor Source: Kung. 2004

  34. Kernel processor Source: Kung. 2004

  35. Corn silageaerobicstabilityatfeedout Ask Robert, heis the expert

  36. Corn silagestarchdigestibilityincreases over time of storage Source: Mahanna. 2009

  37. Corn products • Snaplage/Earlage • Corn grain

  38. Corn producer

  39. Corn products

  40. Starch may be digested : In the rumen (80 % efficiency) In the small intestine (97 % efficiency) In the large intestine(44 % efficiency) What is the best ? There is a limited potential for digestion in small intestine Starch digestion is pretty limited in large intestine… Starch site of digestion Source : Beauchemin, 2006

  41. Corn presentationeffect on starchdigestibility Source : Firkins. 2001

  42. Storage and processing cost Source: Dry grain. agdex732/821b. juillet 2007. Référence Économiques. CRAAQ High-moisture grain. agdex732/821F. juillet 2007. Référence Économiques. CRAAQ Grain bin. agdex 732/110. janvier 2007. Référence Économiques. CRAAQ

  43. Interestcost on inventories

  44. Thank you! Wheredoes corn fit?

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