Biometrics

1. Chuck Cook Matthew Etten Jeremy Vaughn Biometrics

2. Overview • What is Biometrics? • Why use Biometrics? • Types of Biometrics • Uses and Applications of Biometrics

3. Definitions • As a process: Automated methods of identifying a person based on measurable biological and behavioral characteristics. • As a characteristic: A meaurable biological and behavioral characteristic that can be used for automated identification.

4. Performance – accuracy and speed increase with technological advances Public Acceptance Difficult to forge Do not need to remember passwords Why Biometrics • Universal – we all share the same physiology • Unique – especially when used together • Permanent – most do not change over time • Collectable – easy to gather and store data

5. Fingerprints • Advantages: Multiple fingers, easy use, proven technology, large database exists, ridges last a lifetime • Disadvantages: Age and/or occupation may impede recognition

6. Facial Recognition • Advantages: No contact required, cameras are common, easy for people to verify • Disadvantages: Face can be obstructed, sensitive to changes in expresson, age and lighting

7. Iris Recognition • Advantages: No contact required, eye is less prone to injury, and iris is stable over lifetime • Disadvantages: Difficult to capture for some

8. HandGeometry • Advantages: Easy to capture, believed to be stable over lifetime • Disadvantages: Requires some training, not sufficiently distinctive over a large population

9. Other Techniques • Signature/Handwriting • Voice/Speech • Retinal Scans • Facial Thermography • Vascular Patterns • Keystroke Patterns

10. Biometric System • 5 Basic Components • Sensors – collect data • Processing Algorithms – develop a template • Data Storage – Hard drives or smart cards • Matching Algorithms – compare template with new data • Decision Process – Automated or Human-assisted

11. Usage • Verification A one to one comparison of a captured biometric with a stored template to verify that the individual is who he claims to be. Can be done in conjunction with a smart card, username or ID number. • Identification A one to many comparison of the captured biometric against a biometric database in attempt to identify an unknown individual.

12. Law enforcement Consumer/Retail National security Secure banking Health services Applications • Building or secure location access • Access to computer systems • Passports/Travel • Employee recognition • Elections

13. Health Care Applications • Privacy • HIPAA and other such acts guarantee privacy • United States require that physicians and healthcare professionals who use electronic records track every time a patients record is accessed. • Biometrics can help secure these records, as well as keep track of who did, or tried to, access healthcare records

14. Law Enforcement Applications • Greatly reduce paperwork • Sensitive information can be identified using national or regional databases • Move from ink and paper fingerprinting to digital systems to save time and money • Facial recognition can be obtained using “mug shots”

15. Consumer Applications • Controlled access to personal computers, mobile devices, private data, medical records, etc. • Product can customize itself to you, based on your identity • Identify age or criminal record for selling of restricted items (Alcohol and firearms)

16. Financial Applications • ATM machines could use Iris or facial recognition as opposed to a 4 digit PIN • Easier to steal cash or credit card numbers than physical features